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Series / Report no.
Open Access
Type
Report
Language
nl
Date
1999-03-01
Research Projects
Organizational Units
Journal Issue
Title
Gezondheidseffecten van mobiele
telefonie
Translated Title
Health effects of mobile
telephony
Published in
Abstract
Met de toename van het aantal gebruikers van mobiele
telefoons en het aantal basisstations groeit de zorg over mogelijke effecten
op de gezondheid. De basisbeperkingen voor blootstelling aan radiofrequente
straling zijn van toepassing op de frequenties die gebruikt worden voor
mobiele telefonie. Deze beperkingen moeten niet overschreden worden om een
temperatuursverhoging van meer dan 1 graad Celcius te voorkomen. Metingen
en berekeningen in fantomen tonen aan dat de basisbeperkingen niet worden
overschreden gedurende het gebruik van de mobiele telefoon. In de omgeving
van basisstations zijn voldoende maatregelen getroffen om overschrijding van
de basisbeperkingen te voorkomen. De mogelijke gezondheidseffecten zijn op
te delen in thermische, a-thermische en indirecte effecten. Thermische
effecten zijn gevonden bij GSM- en NMT-gebruikers, maar er is geen
vergelijking gemaakt met gebruikers van "gewone" telefoons. Studies naar
a-thermische effecten wijzen in een enkel geval in de richting van een
causale relatie tussen blootstelling en effecten, maar vertonen verscheidene
onzekerheden en tekortkomingen. Indirecte effecten kunnen ontstaan door
interferentie met elektronische apparatuur. Pacemakerdragers wordt
geadviseerd de aanbevelingen voor veilig gebruik van de telefoon op te
volgen. In de laatste jaren richten studies zich ook op aspecifieke
klachten, zoals slaapstoornissen, hoofdpijn en vermoeidheid. Geconcludeerd
kan worden dat er tot nu toe geen gevaar voor de gezondheid is aangetoond
bij blootstelling aan straling van mobiele telefoons en hun basisstations,
mits de basisbeperkingen niet worden overschreden.
The growth in the number of mobile phone-users and base stations has increased concern about possible health effects. The basic restrictions for exposure to radiofrequent radiation apply to the frequencies used for mobile telephony. To prevent a temperature increase of more than 1 degree Celsius these restrictions should not be exceeded. Measurements and calculations in phantoms have shown that these restrictions are not exceeded during use of the mobile phone. Sufficient measures are taken near base stations to prevent the basic restrictions being exceeded. Possible health effects can be divided into thermal, athermal and indirect. Thermal effects have been reported for GSM- and NMT-users, but no comparison was made with users of "regular" phones. Studies on athermal effects occasionally point towards a causal relationship between exposure and effects, but show several uncertainties and shortcomings. Indirect effects can be established by interference with electronic devices. People with pacemakers are advised to follow recommendations on safe use of the phone. In recent years, studies have also focused on aspecific symptoms like sleep disturbances, headaches and fatigue. Thus far, it can be concluded that no health hazard associated with the exposure to radiation from mobile phones and their base stations has been proven, provided that the basic restrictions are not exceeded.
The growth in the number of mobile phone-users and base stations has increased concern about possible health effects. The basic restrictions for exposure to radiofrequent radiation apply to the frequencies used for mobile telephony. To prevent a temperature increase of more than 1 degree Celsius these restrictions should not be exceeded. Measurements and calculations in phantoms have shown that these restrictions are not exceeded during use of the mobile phone. Sufficient measures are taken near base stations to prevent the basic restrictions being exceeded. Possible health effects can be divided into thermal, athermal and indirect. Thermal effects have been reported for GSM- and NMT-users, but no comparison was made with users of "regular" phones. Studies on athermal effects occasionally point towards a causal relationship between exposure and effects, but show several uncertainties and shortcomings. Indirect effects can be established by interference with electronic devices. People with pacemakers are advised to follow recommendations on safe use of the phone. In recent years, studies have also focused on aspecific symptoms like sleep disturbances, headaches and fatigue. Thus far, it can be concluded that no health hazard associated with the exposure to radiation from mobile phones and their base stations has been proven, provided that the basic restrictions are not exceeded.
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