De risico's van milieugevaarlijke stoffen in importcontainers : De stand van zaken 2007
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Series / Report no.
Open Access
Type
Report
Language
nl
Date
2008-01-16
Research Projects
Organizational Units
Journal Issue
Title
De risico's van milieugevaarlijke stoffen in
importcontainers : De stand van zaken 2007
Translated Title
Human and environmental risks of containers
containing dangerous volatile substances
Published in
Abstract
Mensen in de directe nabijheid van een net geopende
(gegaste) zeecontainer staan mogelijk bloot aan hoge concentraties vluchtige
organische stoffen. Blootstelling hieraan kan leiden tot een acuut
gezondheidsrisico.
Consumenten kunnen met deze stoffen in aanraking komen als deze uitdampen
uit goederen die in die containers zijn vervoerd. Het RIVM onderzocht drie
van zulke producten: twee matrassen en een paar schoenen. Deze producten
zijn geselecteerd omdat de consument bij het gebruik ervan langdurig aan de
stoffen wordt blootgesteld. Ondanks deze lange duur treden geen
onacceptabele gezondheidsrisico's op. Het RIVM kan niet voor alle situaties
gezondheidsrisico's uitsluiten. Het is echter niet mogelijk deze risico's
te kwantificeren. Gegevens ontbreken en er bestaan veel
blootstellingsroutes.
De gevaarlijke stoffen komen op twee manieren in containers en producten
terecht. Stoffen als methylbromide en 1,2-dichloorethaan worden gebruikt om
goederen en verpakkingshout te ontsmetten. Ze worden voor het transport in
de containers ingebracht. Tijdens langdurig transport kunnen ze in de
vervoerde producten gaan zitten. Andere stoffen, zoals benzeen en tolueen,
worden tijdens het productieproces als bestanddeel of oplosmiddel gebruikt.
Als de stoffen in de producten zitten kunnen ze daaruit binnenshuis
uitdampen.
Voor het verminderen van de blootstelling van burgers ziet het RIVM
verschillende opties. Het verminderen van het gebruik van deze middelen is
er een. Dit kunnen producenten en importeurs bereiken door meer eisen te
stellen aan het gebruik van dergelijke stoffen tijdens productie of voor
transport.
People in the immediate surroundings of a maritime container that has been opened recently may be exposed to high concentrations of volatile organic substances. Exposure to such substances may result in an acute health risk. These substances may come into contact with consumers if they evaporate from products that were transported in those containers. RIVM has examined three such products: two mattresses and a pair of shoes. These products were selected because the consumer, when using these products, is exposed to these substances for a long time. Despite this prolonged duration, no unacceptable health risks were found. RIVM cannot rule out health risks in all situations. However, it is not possible to quantify these risks: the relevant data are lacking and there are many exposure pathways. The hazardous substances get into containers and products in two ways. Substances such as methyl bromide and 1,2-dichloroethane are used to disinfect products and packaging timber, and are put into the container before transport. During prolonged transport they may enter the relevant goods. Other substances, e.g. benzene en toluene, are used as components or solvents in the production process. If such substances are contained in the products, they may evaporate from the products in enclosed areas. RIVM sees various options for reducing exposure to these substances. One option is to reduce their use. Producers and importers may achieve this by placing additional requirements on the use of such substances in the production process or during transport.
People in the immediate surroundings of a maritime container that has been opened recently may be exposed to high concentrations of volatile organic substances. Exposure to such substances may result in an acute health risk. These substances may come into contact with consumers if they evaporate from products that were transported in those containers. RIVM has examined three such products: two mattresses and a pair of shoes. These products were selected because the consumer, when using these products, is exposed to these substances for a long time. Despite this prolonged duration, no unacceptable health risks were found. RIVM cannot rule out health risks in all situations. However, it is not possible to quantify these risks: the relevant data are lacking and there are many exposure pathways. The hazardous substances get into containers and products in two ways. Substances such as methyl bromide and 1,2-dichloroethane are used to disinfect products and packaging timber, and are put into the container before transport. During prolonged transport they may enter the relevant goods. Other substances, e.g. benzene en toluene, are used as components or solvents in the production process. If such substances are contained in the products, they may evaporate from the products in enclosed areas. RIVM sees various options for reducing exposure to these substances. One option is to reduce their use. Producers and importers may achieve this by placing additional requirements on the use of such substances in the production process or during transport.
Description
Dit rapport is vervangen door 609021091
(20090526)
Publisher
Sponsors
VROM-Inspectie