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Beleving van kleine luchtvaart in Nederland. Rapportage over het thema kleine luchtvaart in het Onderzoek Beleving Woonomgeving 2021
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Series / Report no.
RIVM rapport 2022-0099
Open Access
Type
Report
Language
nl
Date
2022-11-07
Research Projects
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Journal Issue
Title
Beleving van kleine luchtvaart in Nederland. Rapportage over het thema kleine luchtvaart in het Onderzoek Beleving Woonomgeving 2021
Translated Title
Perception of small aviation in the Netherlands. Report on the theme small aviation in the Study of Perception of the Home Environment 2021
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Abstract
Het ministerie van Infrastructuur en Waterstaat ( I&W (Ministerie van Infrastructuur & Waterstaat)) wil weten hoe inwoners van 16 jaar en ouder in Nederland hun woonomgeving beleven. Bij elke editie van het Onderzoek Beleving Woonomgeving wordt een extra thema onderzocht. Dit keer was dat kleine luchtvaart. Het gaat hierbij om sport- en zakenvliegtuigjes, reclamevliegtuigjes, diverse typen helikopters en drones. Onderzocht is of mensen hinder ervaren van het geluid dat de kleine luchtvaart veroorzaakt.
Het onderzoek laat zien dat mensen, in vergelijking met wegverkeer, weinig hinder hebben van kleine luchtvaart. Inwoners van Nederland van 16 jaar en ouder horen dit dagelijks veel minder vaak dan wegverkeer. Afhankelijk van het type kleine luchtvaart is dat bij 1,5 tot 8,6 procent van de ondervraagden het geval versus 51,5 procent bij wegverkeer. Helikopters zorgen voor de meeste ernstige hinder en ernstige slaapverstoring, vooral hulpverleningshelikopters (bij 2,9 procent). Twee procent van de Nederlanders van 16 jaar en ouder heeft hierdoor last van ernstige slaapverstoring.
De meeste vragen in dit onderzoek zijn gesteld aan mensen die geluid van kleine luchtvaart hebben gehoord (in het onderzoek waarnemers genoemd). Zij zijn nauwelijks bezorgd om hun veiligheid door dit type vliegverkeer, behalve over drones. Daar maken ze zich wel zorgen over. Het valt op dat vooral verstoring van de rust door het geluid van militaire en hulpverleningshelikopters onacceptabel wordt gevonden, ook al worden ze voor een nuttig doel ingezet.
Van de activiteiten van kleine luchtvaart veroorzaken vooral laag overvliegen (7 – 22,5 procent afhankelijk van het type kleine luchtvaart) en rondjes vliegen (6,6 – 23,7 procent) geluidhinder. Vergeleken met andere typen kleine luchtvaart, ervaren veel waarnemers het geluid van activiteiten van drones als hinderlijk. Een belangrijke reden hiervoor is dat waarnemers dit als inbreuk op de privacy beleven. Desalniettemin kan bijna twee derde van de waarnemers ook genieten van overvliegende kleine luchtvaart.
RIVM adviseert om de impact van helikopters en drones op de ervaren kwaliteit van de leefomgeving te blijven monitoren. Onder andere omdat het aantal drones zal toenemen.
The Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management wants to know how residents of the Netherlands aged 16 and over perceive their residential environment. An additional topic is being studied with each edition of the OBW (Study of Perception of the Home Environment). Small aviation was the additional topic this time round. This encompasses recreational aircraft, private business aircraft, advertising aircraft, various types of helicopter and drones. The question was mainly whether or not people are inconvenienced by the noise produced by these types of small aviation. The study reveals that people do not experience significant noise nuisance from small aviation, which is quite different with regards to road traffic. Residents of the Netherlands aged 16 and over hear noise generated by small aviation far less often every day than they do road traffic noise. Depending on the type of small aviation, 1.5% to 8.6% of the respondents stated they heard it every day, compared to 51.5% for road traffic. Helicopters cause the most significant noise nuisance and the most significant sleep disturbance, particularly helicopters used by emergency services (2.9%). 2% of residents of the Netherlands aged 16 and over experience significant sleep disturbance as a result. Most of the questions in this study were put to people who have heard noise from small aviation (referred to as observers in this study). They do not particularly feel that this type of air traffic poses a risk to their safety, with the exception of drones. They are worried about those. What is striking is that the noise caused by military helicopters and helicopters used by emergency services in particular is deemed unacceptable, despite the useful purposes of these types of small aviation. In terms of the activities performed by small aviation low flying (7% to 22.5%, depending on the type of small aviation) and circling (6.6% to 23.7%) are the main causes of noise nuisance. Compared to other types of small aviation, a sizeable number of observers perceive the noise produced by drone activity to be bothersome. One significant reason for this is that observers associate this with a breach of their privacy. Nevertheless, two third of the observers can also enjoy the flying over by small aviation The National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) recommends ongoing monitoring of the impact of helicopters and drones on the perceived quality of the living environment. Not least because the number of drones will increase.
The Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management wants to know how residents of the Netherlands aged 16 and over perceive their residential environment. An additional topic is being studied with each edition of the OBW (Study of Perception of the Home Environment). Small aviation was the additional topic this time round. This encompasses recreational aircraft, private business aircraft, advertising aircraft, various types of helicopter and drones. The question was mainly whether or not people are inconvenienced by the noise produced by these types of small aviation. The study reveals that people do not experience significant noise nuisance from small aviation, which is quite different with regards to road traffic. Residents of the Netherlands aged 16 and over hear noise generated by small aviation far less often every day than they do road traffic noise. Depending on the type of small aviation, 1.5% to 8.6% of the respondents stated they heard it every day, compared to 51.5% for road traffic. Helicopters cause the most significant noise nuisance and the most significant sleep disturbance, particularly helicopters used by emergency services (2.9%). 2% of residents of the Netherlands aged 16 and over experience significant sleep disturbance as a result. Most of the questions in this study were put to people who have heard noise from small aviation (referred to as observers in this study). They do not particularly feel that this type of air traffic poses a risk to their safety, with the exception of drones. They are worried about those. What is striking is that the noise caused by military helicopters and helicopters used by emergency services in particular is deemed unacceptable, despite the useful purposes of these types of small aviation. In terms of the activities performed by small aviation low flying (7% to 22.5%, depending on the type of small aviation) and circling (6.6% to 23.7%) are the main causes of noise nuisance. Compared to other types of small aviation, a sizeable number of observers perceive the noise produced by drone activity to be bothersome. One significant reason for this is that observers associate this with a breach of their privacy. Nevertheless, two third of the observers can also enjoy the flying over by small aviation The National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) recommends ongoing monitoring of the impact of helicopters and drones on the perceived quality of the living environment. Not least because the number of drones will increase.
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Publisher
Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu RIVM