Citations
Altmetric:
Series / Report no.
Open Access
Type
Report
Language
nl
Date
2000-03-20
Research Projects
Organizational Units
Journal Issue
Title
Grondwaterbemonstering vanuit een
analytisch-chemisch perspectief
Translated Title
Ground water sampling from an analytical chemical
point of view
Published in
Abstract
In het kader van de milieukwaliteitsmonitoring is een
Landelijk Meetnet effecten Mestbeleid opgezet om de kwaliteit van het
bovenste grondwater onder agrarische bedrijven te kunnen kwantificeren.
Doel van dit onderzoek is om na te gaan of het bemonsteringsprotocol voor
het bovenste grondwater, zoals dat voor macro-nutrienten werd opgezet, ook
geschikt is voor analyses van macro-, micro- en sporenelementen.
Elementafgifte en -sorptie tijdens de bemonstering werd hoofdzakelijke
veroorzaakt door de membraanfilters. Van de vijf geteste filters
(mixed-ester-cellulose, cellulose-acetaat, cellulosenitraat, geregenereed
cellulose en polyvinylideendifluoride. Loodafgifte werd hoofdzakelijk
veroorzaakt door de polyvinylchloride onderdelen van de
bemonsterinsapparatuur. Monsters geconserveerd met 0.7% (v/v) HNO3 waren
tenminste 1.5-2.5 jaar stabiel. Als filtratie en conservering niet meteen
bij monstername werd uitgevoerd, waren Ni, Ba, Cu, totaal-P, Al, Cd, Zn, Pb,
Cr en Fe gedeeltelijk geprecipiteerd. In monsters waarin zich na aanzuren
bruine vlokken ontwikkelden, vond sorptie plaats van Al, Si, Cr, Fe en Pb.
De bemonsteringsprocedure zoals die nu wordt uitgevoerd, is alleen geschikt
voor de bepaling van Na, Mg, K, Ca, Sr en As. De bemonsteringsprocedure kan
verbeterd worden door de membraanfilters te spoelen, het
bemonsteringsmateriaal met zorg te kiezen, de monsters meteen bij
monstername te filtreren en te conserveren en monsters met bruine vlokken te
destrueren.
A national monitoring network was set up to inventory the quality of the upper ground water under farms. The aim was to investigate if the sampling procedure developed for nutrient analysis, would also be suitable for metal analysis. Leaching and sorption of metals during sampling was due mainly to the membrane filters. Of the five filters tested (mixed ester cellulose, cellulose acetate, cellulose nitrate, regenerated cellulose and polyvinylidene difluoride), leaching and sorption were lowest for cellulose nitrate and polyvinylidene difluoride. Lead leaching was mainly attributed to the poly(vinyl chloride) parts of the sampling equipment. Samples preserved with 0.7% (v/v) HNO3 were stable for at least 1.5 to 2.5 years. Where filtration and preservation were not performed at the time of sampling, Ni, Ba, Cu, total P, Al, Cd, Zn, Pb, Cr, Fe were partly precipitated. Sorption for Al, Si, Cr, Fe and Pb was found in samples that developed brown flocks after preservation. The sampling procedure as it is now, is only suitable for the determination of Na, Mg, K, Ca, Sr and As. The sampling procedure can be improved by rinsing the membrane filters, carefully choosing the sampling material, filtrating and preservating at the time of sampling, and digesting samples containing brown flocks.
A national monitoring network was set up to inventory the quality of the upper ground water under farms. The aim was to investigate if the sampling procedure developed for nutrient analysis, would also be suitable for metal analysis. Leaching and sorption of metals during sampling was due mainly to the membrane filters. Of the five filters tested (mixed ester cellulose, cellulose acetate, cellulose nitrate, regenerated cellulose and polyvinylidene difluoride), leaching and sorption were lowest for cellulose nitrate and polyvinylidene difluoride. Lead leaching was mainly attributed to the poly(vinyl chloride) parts of the sampling equipment. Samples preserved with 0.7% (v/v) HNO3 were stable for at least 1.5 to 2.5 years. Where filtration and preservation were not performed at the time of sampling, Ni, Ba, Cu, total P, Al, Cd, Zn, Pb, Cr, Fe were partly precipitated. Sorption for Al, Si, Cr, Fe and Pb was found in samples that developed brown flocks after preservation. The sampling procedure as it is now, is only suitable for the determination of Na, Mg, K, Ca, Sr and As. The sampling procedure can be improved by rinsing the membrane filters, carefully choosing the sampling material, filtrating and preservating at the time of sampling, and digesting samples containing brown flocks.
Description
Publisher
Sponsors
RIVM