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This report describes the results of a study on the occurrence of PCDDs and PCDFs in fat of sheep in the Netherlands. In the period August 1990 to September 1991, a total of 21 fat samples from sheep and lambs were collected in background areas in the provinces Noord-Holland (Texel), Groningen, Friesland and Gelderland, where almost eighty percent of all Dutch sheep are held. The other samples were taken from sheep and lambs from areas near the (former) municipal solid waste incinerator at Zaandam (five samples) and one sample was obtained from an ewe which was held on waste dump site in Duiven Westervoort. In the samples the levels have been determined of the seventeen 2,3,7,8-chlorine substituted PCDDs and PCDFs (expressed as International Toxic Equivalents or TEQ), by using gas chromatography and high resolution mass spectrometry.