Stralingsbescherming van de patient bij diagnostiek met ioniserende straling: een probleemanalyse ten behoeve van beleidsondersteuning
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Series / Report no.
Open Access
Type
Report
Language
nl
Date
1994-06-30
Research Projects
Organizational Units
Journal Issue
Title
Stralingsbescherming van de patient bij diagnostiek met ioniserende straling: een probleemanalyse ten behoeve van beleidsondersteuning
Translated Title
Protection of the patient diagnosed with the help of ionizing radiation: a policy supporting analysis
Published in
Abstract
Leden van de bevolking staan bloot aan zowel natuurlijke als kunstmatige bronnen van ioniserende straling. Het aandeel van kunstmatig opgewekte straling in de collectieve stralenbelasting van de Nederlandse bevolking bedraagt ongeveer 20 %, waarvan meer dan 95 % door medische toepassingen. Voor het beleid van het Ministerie van WVC staat de vraag centraal of de medische toepassingen van straling verantwoord worden uitgevoerd, gezien de risico's die blootstelling aan straling met zich mee brengt. Deze probleemanalyse richt zich op informatie over de stralenbelasting op een hoog aggregatieniveau ten behoeve van het departementale beleid met het oog op beleids-ondersteuning, beleidsevaluatie en onderzoeksprioritering. Allereerst wordt in dit rapport een beeld geschetst van de factoren die de hoogte van de stralenbelasting beinvloeden. Vervolgens wordt besproken welke informatie over de stralenbelasting nodig en beschikbaar is. Tenslotte worden er conclusies en aanbevelingen gegeven. Bij het kwantificeren van de stralenbelasting van de patient is onderscheid gemaakt tussen drie grootheden, te weten de individuele stralenbelasting , de collectieve stralenbelasting en de spreiding in de stralenbelasting. Geconcludeerd wordt dat de beschikbare informatie slechts een beperkt inzicht geeft in de stralenbelasting op dit moment. Een belangrijke vraag is welk deel van de stralenbelasting 'onnodig', en zo mogelijk vermijdbaar, is. Er zijn echter onvoldoende gegevens beschikbaar over de spreiding in de stralenbelasting per type verrichting en vooral over welke factoren verantwoordelijk zijn voor de spreiding. Er zijn slechts summiere gegevens beschikbaar over verschillen tussen ziekenhuizen onderling. Aanbevolen wordt ten behoeve van het verkrijgen van een actueel beeld van de situatie in Nederland en het zichtbaar maken van trends in de tijd over te gaan tot het verzamelen van actuele gegevens over het aantal verrichtingen en de individuele stralenbelasting. Ten behoeve van het beantwoorden van de vraag 'welk deel van de stralenbelasting 'onnodig' is, en dus vermoedelijk vermijdbaar', wordt aanbevolen over te gaan tot het nerzamelen van gegevens over de spreiding in de stralenbelasting per type verrichting. Geadviseerd wordt daarbij vooral aandacht te besteden aan de oorzaken van de geconstateerde spreiding.<br>
Members of the population are exposed to both natural and artificial sources of ionizing radiation. The contribution of artificial sources to the collective radiation dose of the population in the Netherlands amounts to approximately 20 %, 95 % of which is caused by medical applications. For determining the policy of the Ministry of Welfare, Public Health and Cultural Affairs the main question, considering the risks of exposure to radiation, is whether medical applications of ionizing radiation are used responsibly. The aim of the analysis described in this report is to produce a clear overview of highly aggregated information on medical applications, as far as this information is related to policy support, policy evaluation and research priorities. Firstly, the factors which influence the medical radiation dose are outlined, followed by a discussion on necessary and available information. In describing the radiation dose of the patient three quantities are distinguished, i.e. the individual and collective dose and the dose distributions. At the moment the available information is concluded to give only limited insight into the level of the medical radiation dose. An important question is which part of the dose is unnecessary and thus possibly avoidable. However, data on the dose distribution per medical procedure and, more important, on the factors which determine this distribution are far from sufficient. Only a few data are available on the difference in dose resulting from identical medical procedures in different hospitals. Collecting current data on the number of medical applications and on the individual dose per medical procedure is recommended to characterize the present situation in the Netherlands and to visualize trends in time. To answer the question on which part of the medical radiation dose is unnecessary and thus possibly avoidable it is recommended to study the dose distributions for different medical procedures and especially to focus on the causes of the observed distributions.<br>
Members of the population are exposed to both natural and artificial sources of ionizing radiation. The contribution of artificial sources to the collective radiation dose of the population in the Netherlands amounts to approximately 20 %, 95 % of which is caused by medical applications. For determining the policy of the Ministry of Welfare, Public Health and Cultural Affairs the main question, considering the risks of exposure to radiation, is whether medical applications of ionizing radiation are used responsibly. The aim of the analysis described in this report is to produce a clear overview of highly aggregated information on medical applications, as far as this information is related to policy support, policy evaluation and research priorities. Firstly, the factors which influence the medical radiation dose are outlined, followed by a discussion on necessary and available information. In describing the radiation dose of the patient three quantities are distinguished, i.e. the individual and collective dose and the dose distributions. At the moment the available information is concluded to give only limited insight into the level of the medical radiation dose. An important question is which part of the dose is unnecessary and thus possibly avoidable. However, data on the dose distribution per medical procedure and, more important, on the factors which determine this distribution are far from sufficient. Only a few data are available on the difference in dose resulting from identical medical procedures in different hospitals. Collecting current data on the number of medical applications and on the individual dose per medical procedure is recommended to characterize the present situation in the Netherlands and to visualize trends in time. To answer the question on which part of the medical radiation dose is unnecessary and thus possibly avoidable it is recommended to study the dose distributions for different medical procedures and especially to focus on the causes of the observed distributions.<br>
Description
Publisher
Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu RIVM
940630
940630
Sponsors
DGVGZ/PAO (medefinanciering SVM)