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Synergie Klimaat- en NOx-beleid: Een kostenevaluatie tot 2010
Smeets WLM Hoen A Wijngaart RA van den
Smeets WLM
Hoen A
Wijngaart RA van den
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Series / Report no.
RIVM Rapport 500037006
Open Access
Type
Report
Language
nl
Date of publication
2005-02-21
Year of publication
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500037006.pdf
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Research Projects
Organizational Units
Journal Issue
Title
Synergie Klimaat- en NOx-beleid: Een kostenevaluatie
tot 2010
Translated Title
Synergy in the Dutch climate and NOx emission
policy: A cost evaluation up to 2010
Published in
Abstract
Bij de aankoop van relatief goedkope CO2-emissierechten
in het buitenland worden binnenlandse synergetische neveneffecten op de
emissies van luchtverontreinigende stoffen gemist en zullen extra kosten
moeten worden gemaakt voor het realiseren van de nationale emissieplafonds
van NOx, SO2, en NMVOS. Hiermee is tot op heden geen rekening gehouden in
het nationale klimaatbeleid. In dit rapport worden de implicaties van
bovenstaande conclusie nader onderzocht, en wel voor de middellange termijn
tot 2010 en voor zover het gaat om de emissie van NOx. De analyse in dit
rapport toont aan dat de kostenbesparing van aanvullende binnenlandse
klimaatmaatregelen voor het NOx-emissiebeleid beperkt is en slechts in
geringe mate opweegt tegen de snel stijgende kosten voor het klimaatbeleid.
Additionele binnenlandse klimaatmaatregelen blijven dus relatief duur ook
als er rekening wordt gehouden met de synergetische neveneffecten op de
nationale NOx-uitstoot. Behoudens een additionele binnenlandse reductie van
circa 2 Megaton CO2 is het kosteneffectief om de reductie van
broeikasgasemissies in het buitenland te realiseren en de nationale
NOx-emissie omlaag te brengen met specifieke op NOx gerichte technische
maatregelen. Het synergieeffect is in deze studie onderschat doordat niet
gekeken is naar de potentiele synergieeffecten voor andere
luchtverontreinigende stoffen dan NOx zoals SO2, NMVOS, fijn stof en roet,
en doordat voor de broeikasgasemissies alleen is gekeken naar
CO2.
The acquisition of relative cheap CO2 emission rights from foreign countries may mean missing synergistic side-effects on the domestic emissions of air-polluting substances. Extra costs will be necessary if the emission ceilings for NOx, SO2, and NMVOS are to be realised. These factors have, to date, not been taken into account in the Dutch national climate policy. This report documents the implications of the above-mentioned conclusion; however, only for the medium-term up to the beginning of 2010 and only for the NOx emissions. The analysis documented here shows that the savings from supplementary domestic climate measures for the NOx emission policy are limited; furthermore, these savings only slightly weigh up against the rapidly rising costs of the climate policy. Additional domestic climate measures remain relatively expensive, even when the synergetic side-effects on NOx emissions are taken into account. Except for an extra domestic reduction of about 2 megatonnes, it will be profitable to realise the reduction of greenhouse gases abroad and to reduce the NOx emissions using technical measures geared specifically to NOx. The synergetic effect was underestimated in this study because the potential synergetic effects for air-polluting substances other than NOx such as SO2, NMVOS, fijn stof and soot, were not considered and also because for the greenhouse gases only CO2 was considered.
The acquisition of relative cheap CO2 emission rights from foreign countries may mean missing synergistic side-effects on the domestic emissions of air-polluting substances. Extra costs will be necessary if the emission ceilings for NOx, SO2, and NMVOS are to be realised. These factors have, to date, not been taken into account in the Dutch national climate policy. This report documents the implications of the above-mentioned conclusion; however, only for the medium-term up to the beginning of 2010 and only for the NOx emissions. The analysis documented here shows that the savings from supplementary domestic climate measures for the NOx emission policy are limited; furthermore, these savings only slightly weigh up against the rapidly rising costs of the climate policy. Additional domestic climate measures remain relatively expensive, even when the synergetic side-effects on NOx emissions are taken into account. Except for an extra domestic reduction of about 2 megatonnes, it will be profitable to realise the reduction of greenhouse gases abroad and to reduce the NOx emissions using technical measures geared specifically to NOx. The synergetic effect was underestimated in this study because the potential synergetic effects for air-polluting substances other than NOx such as SO2, NMVOS, fijn stof and soot, were not considered and also because for the greenhouse gases only CO2 was considered.
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