Automated surveillance of hospital-onset bacteremia and fungemia: feasibility and epidemiological results from a Dutch multicenter study
Brekelmans, Manon ACM Vlek, Anne LM van Dijk, Yvonne Smilde, Annelies E Weersink, Annemarie JL Wunderink, Herman F Boon, Hanneke Vainio, Saara Bril, Wendy S Kluytmans, Jan AJW
Brekelmans, Manon ACM
Vlek, Anne LM
van Dijk, Yvonne
Smilde, Annelies E
Weersink, Annemarie JL
Wunderink, Herman F
Boon, Hanneke
Vainio, Saara
Bril, Wendy S
Kluytmans, Jan AJW
Series / Report no.
Open Access
Type
Journal Article
Article
Article
Language
en
Date of publication
2025-02-26
Year of publication
Research Projects
Organizational Units
Journal Issue
Title
Automated surveillance of hospital-onset bacteremia and fungemia: feasibility and epidemiological results from a Dutch multicenter study
Translated Title
Published in
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2025; 46(5):1-9
Abstract
Hospital-onset bacteremia and fungemia (HOB) has been suggested as a suitable and automatable surveillance target to include in surveillance programs, however differences in definitions across studies limit interpretation and large-scale implementation. We aimed to apply an automated surveillance system for HOB in multiple hospitals using a consensus definition, and describe HOB rates.
Retrospective cohort study in four Dutch hospitals: 1 tertiary hospital and 3 secondary hospitals.
All patients admitted for at least one overnight stay between 2017 and 2021 were included, except patients in psychiatry wards.
Data from the electronic health records and laboratory information system were used to identify HOBs based on the PRAISE consensus definition. HOB rates were calculated at ward and micro-organism-level.
Hospital-wide HOB rates varied from 1.0 to 1.9, and ICU rates varied from of 8.2 to 12.5 episodes per 1000 patient days. The median time between admission and HOB was 8-13 days. HOBs were predominantly caused by Enterobacterales, Enterococci, and coagulase-negative staphylococci. Longitudinal HOB surveillance detected differences over time at ward and micro-organism level; for example increased HOB rates were observed during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sensitivity analyses demonstrated the impact of assumptions regarding the collection of confirmatory blood cultures for common commensals.
Applying a fully automated definition for HOB surveillance was feasible in multiple centers with different data infrastructures, and enabled detection of differences over time at ward and micro-organism-level. HOB surveillance may lead to prevention initiatives in the future.
Retrospective cohort study in four Dutch hospitals: 1 tertiary hospital and 3 secondary hospitals.
All patients admitted for at least one overnight stay between 2017 and 2021 were included, except patients in psychiatry wards.
Data from the electronic health records and laboratory information system were used to identify HOBs based on the PRAISE consensus definition. HOB rates were calculated at ward and micro-organism-level.
Hospital-wide HOB rates varied from 1.0 to 1.9, and ICU rates varied from of 8.2 to 12.5 episodes per 1000 patient days. The median time between admission and HOB was 8-13 days. HOBs were predominantly caused by Enterobacterales, Enterococci, and coagulase-negative staphylococci. Longitudinal HOB surveillance detected differences over time at ward and micro-organism level; for example increased HOB rates were observed during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sensitivity analyses demonstrated the impact of assumptions regarding the collection of confirmatory blood cultures for common commensals.
Applying a fully automated definition for HOB surveillance was feasible in multiple centers with different data infrastructures, and enabled detection of differences over time at ward and micro-organism-level. HOB surveillance may lead to prevention initiatives in the future.