Surface chemistry-dependent antiviral activity of silver nanoparticles.
Sinclair, Terica R van den Hengel, Sanne K Raza, Brahzil G Rutjes, Saskia A de Roda Husman, Ana Maria Peijnenburg, Willie J G M Roesink, H Erik D W de Vos, Wiebe M
Sinclair, Terica R
van den Hengel, Sanne K
Raza, Brahzil G
Rutjes, Saskia A
de Roda Husman, Ana Maria
Peijnenburg, Willie J G M
Roesink, H Erik D W
de Vos, Wiebe M
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Series / Report no.
Open Access
Type
Article
Language
en
Date of publication
2021-06-17
Year of publication
Research Projects
Organizational Units
Journal Issue
Title
Surface chemistry-dependent antiviral activity of silver nanoparticles.
Translated Title
Published in
Nanotechnology 2021;32(36):365101
Abstract
The toxicity towards viruses of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has been reported to be dependent on several factors such as particle concentration, size, and shape. Although these factors may indeed contribute to the toxicity of AgNPs, the results presented in this work demonstrate that surface chemistry and especially surface charge is a crucial factor governing their antiviral activity. Here, this work investigated the influence of capping agents representing various surface charges ranging from negative to positive. These AgNPs were capped with citrate, polyethylene glycol (PEG), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) mercaptoacetic acid (MAA) and (branched polyethyleneimine (BPEI). We show that AgNPs exhibited surface charge-dependent toxicity towards MS2 bacteriophages. Among the capping agents under investigation, BPEI capped AgNPs (Ag/BPEI) exhibited the highest reduction of MS2 resulting in ≥6 log10-units reductions, followed by 4-5 log10-units reductions with PVP and PEG capping's and 3-4 log10-units with MAA and citrate cappings. Bare nanoparticles reported a mere 1-2 log10-units reduction. Electrostatic interaction between the positively charged BPEI-coating and the negatively charged virus surface played a significant role in bringing the MS2 closer to toxic silver ions (Ag+). Further results obtained from TEM showed that Ag/BPEI nanoparticles could directly damage the structure of the MS2 bacteriophages. AgNPs and cationic capping agents' observed synergy can lead to much lower and much more efficient dosing of AgNPs for antiviral applications.