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Nicotineproducten zonder tabak voor recreatief gebruik
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Series / Report no.
RIVM rapport 2020-0152
Open Access
Type
Report
Language
nl
Date
2021-03-04
Research Projects
Organizational Units
Journal Issue
Title
Nicotineproducten zonder tabak voor recreatief gebruik
Translated Title
Nicotine products without tobacco for recreational use
Published in
Abstract
Nicotineproducten zonder tabak (NZT) nemen toe in populariteit. Een
voorbeeld van NZT zijn nicotinezakjes, zakjes met een poeder en
nicotine die onder de (boven)lip worden geplaatst. Gebruikers krijgen
nicotine binnen via het slijmvlies en speeksel in de mond. De nicotine
geeft hen een lekker gevoel. De hoeveelheid nicotine verschilt per soort.
Nicotine is verslavend en schadelijk voor de gezondheid. Ook kan het
een nicotineverslaving bij rokers in stand houden. Zeker bij hoge
doseringen is het schadelijk voor het zenuwstelsel en kan het
hartritmestoornissen veroorzaken. Daarom adviseert het RIVM het
ministerie van VWS om het gebruik van nicotinezakjes te ontmoedigen.
Strengere regelgeving en voorlichting kan daar bij helpen.
Nicotinezakjes vallen nu onder de Warenwet. Het RIVM heeft bekeken
onder welke andere bestaande wetgeving de NZT kunnen vallen. Deze
producten vallen nu niet onder de Tabaks- en rookwarenwet.
Beleidsmakers zouden kunnen overwegen om NZT hier als aanverwant
product in op te nemen. Dit kan bijvoorbeeld door de definitie van
tabaks- en aanverwante producten te verbreden.
Het aantal mensen dat de nicotinezakjes ooit heeft gebruikt, is nu nog
laag: 0,6 procent van de Nederlanders, 0,3 procent onder 13-17-jarigen
en 1,3 procent onder 18-24-jarigen. Van de gebruikers is 48 procent
een roker of ex-roker. Vanwege de schadelijke en verslavende effecten
is het belangrijk om te voorkomen dat mensen, vooral nooit-tabak- of
nicotinegebruikers en jongeren, beginnen met nicotinezakjes te
gebruiken.
Er zijn meerdere redenen die nicotinezakjes aantrekkelijk maken om te
gebruiken. Ze zijn overal te gebruiken, ook op plaatsen waar roken is
verboden. Mensen in de omgeving hebben geen last van rooklucht.
Bovendien zijn ze, in tegenstelling tot tabaksproducten, in veel
smaakjes beschikbaar. Dat kan ze aantrekkelijk maken om ze te gaan
gebruiken, vooral voor jongeren.
Nicotine products without tobacco (NZT) are becoming increasingly popular, in particular the nicotine pouches. Nicotine pouches are pouches with a powder and nicotine that are placed under the (upper) lip. Users ingest nicotine via the mucous membrane and saliva in the mouth. The nicotine makes them feel good. The quantity of nicotine differs per type of nicotine pouch. Nicotine is addictive and harmful to health. Users can become addicted to nicotine. It can also maintain a nicotine addiction among smokers. It is harmful to the nervous system and can cause cardiac arrhythmias, in particular at high dosages. RIVM therefore advises the Dutch Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport to discourage the use of nicotine pouches. Stricter regulations and public information campaigns can be helpful in that regard. Nicotine pouches currently fall under the Commodities Act. RIVM has considered the question of which other existing legislation could apply to NZT. These products do not presently fall within the scope of the Tobacco Act as they do not contain any tobacco. Policymakers could consider adding nicotine products without tobacco to the list of products covered by the above legislation. They could, for example, do so by broadening the definition of tobacco and related products. The number of people that have ever used nicotine pouches is still low: 0.6% of Dutch people overall, 0.3% of those between the ages of 13 and 17, and 1.3% of those between the ages of 18 and 24. 48% of the users is a smoker or ex-smoker. In view of the harmful and addictive effects, it is important to prevent people, in particular young people, from starting to use nicotine pouches. There are several factors that make the use of nicotine pouches attractive. They can be used everywhere, including places where smoking is forbidden. Other people nearby are not bothered by smoke. In contrast to tobacco products, they are also available in many different flavors. This can make it more attractive to use them, in particular by young people.
Nicotine products without tobacco (NZT) are becoming increasingly popular, in particular the nicotine pouches. Nicotine pouches are pouches with a powder and nicotine that are placed under the (upper) lip. Users ingest nicotine via the mucous membrane and saliva in the mouth. The nicotine makes them feel good. The quantity of nicotine differs per type of nicotine pouch. Nicotine is addictive and harmful to health. Users can become addicted to nicotine. It can also maintain a nicotine addiction among smokers. It is harmful to the nervous system and can cause cardiac arrhythmias, in particular at high dosages. RIVM therefore advises the Dutch Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport to discourage the use of nicotine pouches. Stricter regulations and public information campaigns can be helpful in that regard. Nicotine pouches currently fall under the Commodities Act. RIVM has considered the question of which other existing legislation could apply to NZT. These products do not presently fall within the scope of the Tobacco Act as they do not contain any tobacco. Policymakers could consider adding nicotine products without tobacco to the list of products covered by the above legislation. They could, for example, do so by broadening the definition of tobacco and related products. The number of people that have ever used nicotine pouches is still low: 0.6% of Dutch people overall, 0.3% of those between the ages of 13 and 17, and 1.3% of those between the ages of 18 and 24. 48% of the users is a smoker or ex-smoker. In view of the harmful and addictive effects, it is important to prevent people, in particular young people, from starting to use nicotine pouches. There are several factors that make the use of nicotine pouches attractive. They can be used everywhere, including places where smoking is forbidden. Other people nearby are not bothered by smoke. In contrast to tobacco products, they are also available in many different flavors. This can make it more attractive to use them, in particular by young people.
Description
Publisher
Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu RIVM
Sponsors
Ministerie van VWS