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    Progress report on PM toxicity using concentrated ambient particulate matter (CAPs)

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    Authors
    Cassee FR
    Boere AJF
    Fokkens PHB
    Buringh E
    van Bree L
    Opperhuizen A
    Type
    Report
    Language
    en
    
    Metadata
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    Title
    Progress report on PM toxicity using concentrated ambient particulate matter (CAPs)
    Translated Title
    voortgangsrapportage over PM toxiciteitsonderzoek met behulp van geconcentreerd buitenluchtstof (CAPs)
    Publiekssamenvatting
    Dit voorgangsrapport is samengesteld in het kader van project M/650010, 'Risico's in relatie tot luchtverontreiniging', met als doel de recente ontwikkelingen en voortgang binnen dit project te schetsen. Een belangrijk deel van het RIVM toxicologisch research programma omtrent 'the relationship between particulate matter (PM) and health effects' is gewijd aan het gebruik van een Ambient Fine Particle Concentrator (AFPC) in een mobiel laboratorium. Het doel van dit laboratorium is het faciliteren van inhalatie toxiciteitsstudies met (geconcentreerd) buitenluchtstof (PM) in proefdieren. In de toekomst zullen ook studies in vrijwilligers worden uitgevoerd op locaties die verschillen in luchtkwaliteit en bronnen van PM emissies. De AFPC maakt het mogelijk om verhoogde concentraties (15-60 keer de buitenluchtniveaus) te genereren waarbij 50% van de deeltjes op massabasis kleiner of gelijk is dan 2.5 um (CAPs). Er kunnen hierdoor blootstellingsconcentraties tot 3000 ug/m3 worden bereikt. Het onderzoek heeft zich gericht op de acute gezondheidseffecten van PM in knaagdieren met een cardiopulmonarre aandoening (astma, pulmonaire hypertensie), waarvan wordt aangenomen dat deze humane risicogroepen representeren. De studies die in 1999 en 2000 zijn uitgevoerd laten zien dat CAPs gezondheidseffecten kan veroorzaken, hoewel deze als mild en reversibel zijn aan te merken. Eenduidige conclusies over de causale relatie tussen PM en gezondheidseffecten zijn echter nog niet te trekken.<br>
    This progress report has been compiled within the framework of project M/650010, 'Risks in relation to air pollution', to outline recent developments and progress within the project. It does not have a scientific status. A significant part of the RIVM toxicology research programme on "the relationship between particulate matter (PM) and health effects" is devoted to the use of an Ambient Fine Particle Concentrator (AFPC) situated in a mobile laboratory. The aim of this laboratory is to facilitate performance of inhalation toxicity studies with (concentrated) ambient PM (< 2.5 m) in experimental animals. In the future, also studies with human volunteers will take place in locations that differ in air quality and sources of PM emission. The AFPC allows us to enrich (by 15-60 times the ambient levels) the test atmosphere with particles having a diameter of less than 2.5 um. These are generally referred to as concentrated ambient particles (CAPs). Exposure levels up to 3000 ug/m3 can be achieved. The research has been focused on acute health effects of PM in rodents with a cardiopulmonary disease (asthma, pulmonary hypertension), which are likely to reflect human risk groups. The studies performed in 1999 and 2000 showed that CAPs can provoke health effects, even though they were marked as mild and reversible. Sound conclusions on the causal relationship between PM and health effects cannot yet be drawn.<br>
    Publisher
    Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu RIVM
    Sponsors
    DGM-KvI
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