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    Evaluatienotitie toxische stoffen en biodiversiteit - toxische stress in termen van kans op voorkomen van organismen

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    Authors
    Traas TP
    Breure AM
    Schouten AJ
    Type
    Report
    Language
    nl
    
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    Title
    Evaluatienotitie toxische stoffen en biodiversiteit - toxische stress in termen van kans op voorkomen van organismen
    Translated Title
    Evaluation toxicants and biodiversity - toxic pressure expressed as probability of presence of species
    Publiekssamenvatting
    Dit rapport is een samenvatting van recent onderzoek in het project 'funcionele biodiversiteit' naar de relatie tussen stoffen, biodiversiteit en het functioneren van ecosystemen. Chronische stress van persistente toxische stoffen kan leiden tot veranderingen in soortsamenstelling: gevoelige soorten worden tolerant of worden vervangen door minder gevoelige soorten. Dit hoeft niet te leiden tot een significant verlies van vitale funcites of biodiversiteit maar kan leiden tot langzame genetische erosie: de soortsamenstelling verandert maar dat hoeft niet te leiden tot meetbaar functieverlies. Multiple regressie van monitorgegevens van soorten liet zien dat de nematodensamenstelling in met xware metalen verontreinigde proefvelden was veranderd. Dit werd ook voorspeld door een voedselketenmodel. Aanvullend onderzoek aan nematoden en zoetwaterorganismen maakt aannemelijk dat toxische stoffen een relevante factor zijn in het verklaren van het voorkomen van soorten. Deze analyse kan samen met de 'klassieke' standplaatsfactoren verdroging, verzuring en vermesting plaatsvinden.<br>
    This report summarises research carried out within the project 'functional biodiversity' on the relationship between toxicants, biodiversity and functioning of ecosystems. Chronic stress from persistent compounds may lead to community shifts: sensitive species become tolerant or are replaced by less-sensitive species. This does not necessarily lead to a significant loss of vital ecosystems. Chronic stress from persistent compounds may lead to community shifts: sensitive species become tolerant to a significant loss of vital ecosystem functions or overall biodiversity but may result in slow genetic erosion of communities: i.e. species composition changes. Multiple regression analysis of a large monitoring data set on abundance of species showed the shift in nematode species composition, predicted by a simple food chain model, to occur in metal-contaminated experimental fields. Additional regression analysis of monitoring data on nematodes and aquatic species has made plausible the notions: 1) that toxic stress is a relevant factor in the occurrence and abundance of species; and 2) that toxic stress on species can be expressed and analysed together with 'classic' habitat factors such as pH, nutrient levels and desiccation.<br>
    Publisher
    Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu RIVM
    Sponsors
    DGM-SVS
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