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    Implementatie meetstrategie drinkwater bij kernongevallen. Resultaten DRIMKO-project

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    Authors
    Kwakman PJM
    Reinen HAJM
    Type
    Report
    Language
    nl
    
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    Title
    Implementatie meetstrategie drinkwater bij kernongevallen. Resultaten DRIMKO-project
    Translated Title
    Implementation of the measuring strategy for drinking water following a nuclear incident. Results of the DRIMKO project
    Publiekssamenvatting
    De Nederlandse drinkwaterlaboratoria beschikken over net voldoende capaciteit om tijdens een nucleaire ramp radiologische analyses uit te voeren. Een radioactieve besmetting van het oppervlaktewater kan van invloed zijn op de drinkwaterkwaliteit. Om de stralingsdosis voor de bevolking in te kunnen schatten, moeten er in een korte tijd veel monsters worden geanalyseerd.
    In zo'n situatie analyseren drinkwaterbedrijven vaker monsters op radioactiviteit dan normaal. De monsters worden op meerdere plaatsen in het drinkwaterzuiveringsproces genomen. Om een goed beeld te krijgen van de bemonsterings- en meetstrategieen van ruw- en reinwater heeft het RIVM een aantal gegevens over de bedrijfsvoering van drinkwaterbedrijven verzameld. De gegevens hebben betrekking op het geschatte aantal monsters, de bestaande meet- en analysecapaciteit en de capaciteit die tijdens een kernongeval nodig is.
    Maatregelen om de drinkwaterzuivering aan te passen tijdens een nucleair ongeval zijn beperkt. De belangrijkste mogelijkheden op korte termijn zijn het besmette ruwe water door te laten stromen naar zee en de beluchting tijdens het zuiveringsproces te minimaliseren.
    Door recente fusieontwikkelingen in de drinkwaterwereld is de capaciteit van enkele laboratoria gecentraliseerd. De krappe capaciteit op het gebied van radioactiviteitsmetingen is een factor om in de toekomst rekening mee te houden.

    Water companies in the Netherlands have just enough capacity to carry out radiological analyses of the drinking water following a nuclear disaster. Radioactive contamination of surface water can have a negative effect on the quality of the drinking water. In order to assess the radiation exposure of the population, water companies will have to analyse large numbers of drinking water samples within a short period of time.
    During a nuclear incident, drinking water samples will be analysed for radioactivity more often than is usual. Sampling will occur at various stations along the water purification process. With the aim of obtaining a good overview of the sampling and measuring strategies for untreated and clean drinking water, the RIVM has compiled data on various aspects of the operational management of these water companies. This information relates to the number of samples estimated to require testing, the actual processing capacity of the water company and the capacity that will be required during and following a nuclear incident.
    Water companies have only a limited number of options when confronted with a nuclear accident that requires urgent modifications to the drinking water purification process. The most important short-term options are to flush contaminated untreated water to the sea and to minimize the use of outdoor air for oxidation purposes. Recent mergers among the producers of drinking water in the Netherlands have resulted in a centralization of laboratory capacity. This rather limited capacity to carry out radioactivity measurements is a factor that should not be overlooked in the near future.
    Publisher
    Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu RIVM
    Sponsors
    VROM-Inspectie NoordWest
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