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    First collaborative study on bacteriophages in bathing waters

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    Authors
    Mooijman KA
    Ghameshlou Z
    Bahar M
    Havelaar AH
    Type
    Report
    Language
    en
    
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    Title
    First collaborative study on bacteriophages in bathing waters
    Translated Title
    Eerste ringonderzoek met bacteriofagen in zwemwater
    Publiekssamenvatting
    Het eerste internationale ringonderzoek met bacteriofagen in zwemwater werd in mei 1997 georganiseerd. Zestien Europese laboratoria (inclusief het organiserende laboratorium) namen deel aan de studie. Zij analyseerden faag referentiematerialen (RMs) voor de bepaling van somatische colifagen (RMs met èX174), F-specifieke RNA-fagen (RMs met MS2) en fagen van Bacteroides fragilis (RMs met B40-8). De referentiematerialen voldeden aan de eisen van stabiliteit en homogeniteit en waren bruikbaar voor het ringonderzoek. Tijdens de discussie met de deelnemende laboratoria over de resultaten van de studie werd besloten om een aantal resultaten niet te gebruiken bij verdere statistische analyse vanwege opgetreden technische problemen bij de laboratoriumanalyse. Analyse van de overgebleven resultaten resulteerde in de volgende waarden voor de herhaalbaarheid (r): 1.35 - 1.38 en reproduceerbaarheid (R): 1.52 - 2.04. Deze waarden liggen dicht bij het theoretische optimum. De conclusie is dat de deelnemende laboratoria in staat waren de huidige methoden toe te passen voor de bepaling van de drie typen bacteriofagen op faag referentiematerialen.<br>
    The first international collaborative study on bacteriophages in bathing waters was organised in May 1997. Sixteen European laboratories (including the organising laboratory) participated in the study. They analysed phage reference materials (RMs) for the enumeration of somatic coliphages (RMs containing èX174), F-specific RNA phages (RMs containing MS2) and phages of Bacteroides fragilis (RMs containing B40-8). The reference materials were found to fulfil the criteria for stability and homogeneity and were considered suitable for the collaborative study. During a discussion with the participating laboratories about the results of the study, the group concluded to exclude some data from further statistical analysis because of technical problems which occurred at the laboratorium level when analysing the samples. Analysis of the remaining data showed the following values of repeatability (r): 1.35 - 1.38 and reproducibility (R): 1.52 - 2.04. These values are close to the theoretical optimum. This indicates that the participating laboratories were able to apply the present methods for the enumeration of the three types of bacteriophages on phage reference materials.<br>
    Publisher
    Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu RIVM
    Sponsors
    DIR
    EU
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