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    Estimates of the distribution of different fractions of PM10 in the ambient air in the Netherlands

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    Authors
    Janssen LHJM
    Buringh E
    Hout KD van der
    Type
    Report
    Language
    en
    
    Metadata
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    Title
    Estimates of the distribution of different fractions of PM10 in the ambient air in the Netherlands
    Translated Title
    Schattingen van de verdeling van de verschillende fracties van PM10 in de Nederlandse buitenlucht
    Publiekssamenvatting
    Op basis van een aantal rekenregels, die voor het merendeel zijn afgeleid van gegeneraliseerde meetresultaten, is een verdeling van PM10 over vijf categorien nl: PM10, PM2.5, PM0.1, secundair aerosol en koolstofhoudend aerosol berekend voor de buitenlucht in een vijftal regio's in Nederland waarbij ook onderscheid gemaakt is in de bijdrage van Nederlandse en buitenlandse bronnen. Op basis van deze analyse is een verdeling van bijdrage van Nederlandse versus buitenlandse bronnen van 40% resp. 60% afgeleid. Deze berekende bijdrage van Nederlandse bronnen is groter dan vroeger was aangenomen en wordt voornamelijk veroorzaakt doordat een groter aandeel van de grovere fractie in de PM10 samenstelling is verondersteld. De concentratiegradienten van PM10 in Nederland zijn gering. Het beeld van een homogene 'deken' van PM10 concentraties moet echter onder invloed van bovenstaande resultaten worden bijgesteld tot dat van een 'lappendeken'. Concentratieverschillen in Nederland zijn beperkt door de grote dichtheid van verschillende bronnen maar de samenstelling van het PM10 aerosol kan in verschillende gebieden in Nederland wel uiteenlopen. Doordat die verschillende bronnen hun eigen emissiekarakteristiek hebben kunnen zij lokaal de concentratie en samenstelling van PM10 toch behoorlijk beinvloeden. De berekende concentraties in het beeld van de 'lappendeken' komen goed overeen met de PM10 concentraties zoals gemeten in het Landelijk Meetnet Luchtkwaliteit die in een range van 35-45 mug/m3 liggen.
    This report presents some methods to synthesize the present knowledge into a comprehensive overview. Several assumptions sometimes of a more or less speculative nature had to be introduced to arrive at a complete picture. These assumptions have been mentioned explicitely as 'seven rules of thumb'. Using these rules, two statements i.e. 1) the ratio between Dutch and foreign contributions to PM10 levels is 20% and 80% and 2) a local contribution of 15% of primary PM10 by Dutch sources, are shown to contradict. As a way of hypothesis generation a contribution of 40% to 45% by local Dutch sources to PM10 levels is presented. This difference can be accounted for by assuming a larger share of local emissions of coarse particles > 2.5 mum to PM10 concentrations than was estimated previously. PM10 concentrations for five areas of the Netherlands are estimated using the seven rules, simple model calculations and assumptions on concentration gradients caused by differences in source characteristics and size distributions. It appears that the original 'blanket' of homogeneous PM10 concentrations covering the Netherlands, indicating rather small concentration gradients, turns out to be more like a 'patchwork quilt'. The estimated concentration ranges are comparable with the ranges of annual PM10 concentrations of 35 - 45 mug/m3 , measured by the National Air Quality Monitoring Network.
    Sponsors
    DGM/LE
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10029/256749
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