De antimutagene werking van chlorophyllin en hematine op de mutagene werking van benzo(a)pyreen, de voedselcontaminant PhIP en 2-aminoanthraceen op Salmonella typhimurium TA98 en TA100

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The antimutagenic activity of chlorophyllin and hematin was investigated with the Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98 and TA100 by means of the Amestest. Benzo(a)pyrene, the food pyrolysate 2-amino-1-methyl-6- phenylimidazo [4,5]pyridine or PhIP and 2- aminoanthracene were used as mutagens in most experiments. These agents exert mutagenic activity only in the presence of mamalian metabolic activation. In all experiments the mutagenic activity of the three chemicals could be abolished by the presence of 2 mg of chlorophyllin or 0,5 mg of hematin per selection plate. Considering the results of experiments in which chlorophyllin and hematin were added at several different times after the addition of the metabolic activation system it was concluded that the formed mutagenic metabolites were trapped and inactivated by these porfyrines. The antimutagenic activities of these porfyrines decreased when the porfyrine ring was destroyed as appeared from experiments with biliverdin and bilirubin. Due to its low solubility the antimutagenic activity of chlorophyll is not or nearly not demonstrable. The antimutagenic activity of chlorophyllin or hematin on substances that are mutagenic in the absence of metabolic activation such as MNNG, furazolidone, dimetridazole, epichlorohydrin and 2-chloroethanol is lower or absent.