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    Relevancy of human exposure via house dust to the contaminants lead and asbestos

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    Authors
    Oomen AG
    Lijzen JPA
    Type
    Report
    Language
    en
    
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    Title
    Relevancy of human exposure via house dust to the contaminants lead and asbestos
    Translated Title
    Relevantie van humane blootstelling via huisstof aan lood en asbest
    Publiekssamenvatting
    In het rapport wordt bestudeerd of huisstof substantieel kan bijdragen aan de blootstelling van de mens aan contaminanten, met name voor de contaminanten lood en asbest. Huisstof bestaat voor 30-70% uit bodemmateriaal, wat betekent dat verontreinigde bodem kan leiden tot verontreinigd huisstof. Er is geconcludeerd dat blootstelling aan lood via huisstof zou moeten worden meegenomen in risicobeoordeling van bodemverontreiniging. De studies waarin de inname van bodem door kinderen worden geschat gebruiken merkstoffen in bodem die zowel in bodem buiten als in bodem in huisstof zitten. Het is daarom redelijk om deze hoeveelheid bodem te gebruiken om zowel blootstelling aan lood via bodem buiten en huisstof te omvatten. Echter, een correctiefactor van 2 wordt aanbevolen om voor verrijking van lood in huisstof te verdisconteren. Deze factor verdisconteert tevens voor andere loodbronnen dan lood afkomstig van gecontamineerde bodem. Een significante bijdrage van asbest in bodem aan asbest in huisstof kan gebeuren bij concentraties hoger dan 100 mg/kg. Daarom wordt aanbevolen de asbestconcentraties in huisstof te bepalen in huizen waarbij de bodem is verontreinigd met asbest boven de 1000 mg/kg voor hechtgebonden asbest, en boven de 100 mg/kg voor niet-hechtgebonden asbest. Deze aanbevelingen zijn in overeenstemming met een concept beoordelingsprotocol voor locatie-specifieke risicobeoordeling van asbest in bodem. Enkele aanmerkingen op dit protocol zijn beschreven. Voor verdere aanbevelingen m.b.t. asbest in huisstof wordt verwezen naar dit protocol.

    The present report addresses the issues whether house dust is likely to contribute substantially to the exposure of humans, in particular for the contaminants lead and asbestos. House dust consists for 30-70% of soil material, indicating that contaminated soil can lead to contaminated house dust. It is concluded that exposure to lead via house dust should be included in risk assessment of soil contamination. The studies in which the amount of soil ingested by children are estimated use tracers in soil that are obviously both present in soil outdoors and in soil in house dust. Therefore, using this amount of soil ingested by children to cover both exposure of lead via soil outdoors and soil in house dust is reasonable. However, a correction factor of 2 is recommended to account for enrichment of lead in house dust in comparison with outdoor soil. This factor also accounts for other lead sources in house dust than contamination via soil. Significant contribution of asbestos to house dust from asbestos contaminated soil may occur at soil concentrations greater than 100 mg/kg. It is recommended to determine asbestos levels in house dust in houses adjacent to sites that are contaminated with asbestos above 1000 mg/kg for nonfriable asbestos, and above 100 mg/kg for friable asbestos. These recommendations are in agreement with a draft assessment protocol on site specific assessment of human risks to soil contamination with asbestos. A few comments on the protocol are made. For further recommendations for risk assessment of asbestos in house dust, we refer to this protocol.
    Publisher
    Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu RIVM
    Sponsors
    VROM-DGM-BWL
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