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    The Atmosphere-Ocean System of IMAGE 2.2. A global model approach for atmospheric concentrations, and climate and sea level projections

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    Authors
    Eickhout B
    Elzen MGJ den
    Kreileman GJJ
    Type
    Report
    Language
    en
    
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    Title
    The Atmosphere-Ocean System of IMAGE 2.2. A global model approach for atmospheric concentrations, and climate and sea level projections
    Translated Title
    Het Atmosfeer-Oceaan Modelsysteem van het IMAGE-model. Achtergrondrapport van het mondiale modelsysteem voor bepaling van concentraties, klimaatverandering en zeespiegelstijging
    Publiekssamenvatting
    Dit rapport beschrijft de technische achtergrond van het atmosfeer-oceaan systeem van het IMAGE-model (Integrated Model to Assess the Global Environment). Het atmosfeer-oceaan systeem van IMAGE modelleert de atmosferische concentraties van de meest belangrijke broeikasgassen en de directe en indirecte effecten van die gassen op de stralingsbalans. Deze submodellen zijn gebaseerd op state-of-the-art benaderingen van meer complexe modellen, zoals gepubliceerd in de Third Assessment Report van het IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change). Dit geldt ook voor het eenvoudige klimaatmodel, wat in dit rapport wordt beschreven en wat de mondiaal gemiddelde klimaatverandering en zeespiegelstijging berekent. Naast de belangrijkste kenmerken van de submodellen, wordt ook de meest relevante wetenschappelijke achtergrond geschetst. Eveneens worden voor een aantal mondiale indicatoren de resultaten vergeleken met observaties en resultaten van meer complexe modellen en wordt aangetoond voor deze indicatoren dat het atmosfeer-oceaan systeem in de periode 1970 - 1995 goed benadert. Elk hoofdstuk wordt afgesloten met projecties tot 2100 volgens de SRES scenario's van het IPCC, zoals die door het IMAGE team in 2001 zijn gepubliceerd.
    In this report, we describe the technical background of the Atmosphere Ocean System (AOS) of the Integrated Model to Assess the Global Environment (IMAGE, version 2.2). The AOS submodel elaborates the global concentrations of the most important greenhouse gases and ozone precursors, along with their direct and indirect effects on global-mean radiative forcing. These submodels are based on state-of-the-art approximations, as published by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in its Third Assessment Report (TAR). That these simple submodels can adequately reproduce the global concentrations and forcings of more complex models in a very short runtime is also true for the simple climate submodel for calculating the consequences for the climate system and sea-level rise described in this report. We also elaborate on the scientific background and the most important features of the different submodels, comparing the results with other models and observations. Furthermore, we demonstrate that AOS adequately represents the 1970-1995 period for the main global indicators (concentrations, temperature increase and sea-level rise).
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    VROM
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10029/257912
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