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    Emissions of transboundary air pollutants in the Netherlands 1990-2009 : Informative Inventory Report 2011

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    Authors
    Jimmink BA
    Coenen PWHG
    Droge R
    Geilenkirchen GP
    Leekstra AJ
    van der Maas CWM
    Peek CJ
    Vonk J
    Wever D
    Series/Report no.
    RIVM report 680355003
    Type
    Report
    Language
    en
    
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    Title
    Emissions of transboundary air pollutants in the Netherlands 1990-2009 : Informative Inventory Report 2011
    Translated Title
    Emissies van luchtverontreinigende stoffen in Nederland, 1990-2009 : Toelichting op jaarlijkse reeks emissiecijfers
    Publiekssamenvatting
    Tussen 1990 en 2009 is in Nederland de uitstoot van luchtverontreinigende stoffen gedaald. Het betreft zwaveldioxide, stikstofoxiden, niet-methaan vluchtige organische stoffen (NMVOS), koolmonoxide, ammoniak, zware metalen en persistente organische vervuilende stoffen (POP's). Deze neerwaartse trend is vooral toe te schrijven aan schonere brandstoffen en auto's, en aan emissiebeperkende maatregelen voor industriële sectoren.
    Dit blijkt uit de toelichting van het RIVM op de Nederlandse emissiecijfers van grootschalige luchtverontreinigende stoffen, het Informative Inventory Report (IIR) 2011. Deze cijfers worden jaarlijks - onder regie van het RIVM - door het Emissieregistratieteam aan de overheid geleverd vanwege verplichtingen voor de Verenigde Naties (UNECE) en de Europese Commissie. De emissiecijfers zijn data van een reeks jaren, vanaf 1990 tot de meest recent aangeleverde gegevens.
    Dit keer is de ammoniakemissiereeks met een nieuw model berekend, waarmee beter in kaart is gebracht wat maatregelen om deze emissie te verminderen opleveren. Hieruit blijkt dat in 1990 meer ammoniak is uitgestoten ten opzichte van de vorige reeks en na 1991 minder. Voor 2008 scheelt dat 7,6 kiloton ammoniak. Deze daling komt vooral doordat het vanaf 1991 verplicht is de mest niet over het land te verspreiden, maar in de bodem te injecteren (onderwerken). Hierdoor komt minder ammoniak in de lucht terecht.
    Verder zijn nieuwe bronnen van stikstofoxiden onderscheiden en zijn methoden ontwikkeld om deze emissies te berekenen. Het gaat om emissies uit mest van landbouwbodems en uit mest in opslagsilo's. Uit de berekeningen blijkt dat voor het jaar 2009 zo'n 25,5 kiloton stikstofoxiden afkomstig is van landbouwbodems. Dit is circa tien procent van de maximaal toegestane hoeveelheid uitgestoten stikstof-oxiden in Nederland, het zogenoemde NEC-plafond (National Emission Ceiling). Deze hoeveelheid telt echter niet mee in de berekening voor dit plafond (en staan vermeld onder memo-item 'natuurlijke emissies' 11C in de rapportage). De methoden waren namelijk niet bekend toen de plafonds werden bepaald.

    Emissions of air pollutants in the Netherlands decreased between 1990 and 2009. This concerns sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOC), carbon monoxide, ammonia, heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants (POP's). The downward trend may be attributed in particular to cleaner fuels, cleaner car engines and to emission reductions in the industrial sectors.
    This has become apparent in the RIVM's explanation of the emission data submission, the Informative Inventory Report (IIR) 2011. Every year the Emission Inventory team - under direction of the RIVM - submits emission data to the government, for it to meet its obligations to the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) and the European Commission. The emission data set consists of data on a series of years, from 1990 up to the most recently submitted data.
    For this submission, the ammonia emission data series was calculated using a new model, which includes improved emission reduction measures, more in line with actual measurements. Results of the new model give rise to considerably higher NH3 emissions in the base year 1990. After 1991 they turned out to be lower. For the year 2008 the difference was 7.6 Gg. The reduction is mostly due to the change in manure application method (i.e. incorporation in the soil instead of surface spreading). Consequently less ammonia is volatilized.
    Furthermore, new sources of nitrogen oxides were distinguished and methods were developed to calculate their emissions. These emissions come from manure on agricultural soils and from manure storage. Emissions from agricultural soils for the year 2009 are calculated to amount to 25.5 Gg NOx. This is about 10% of the maximum allowed emissions of NOx in the Netherlands, the 'NECceiling' (National Emission Ceiling). The amount is, however, not included for compliance to this ceiling (they are reported under memo-item 11C 'Natural emissions' in the submission). This is because, the methods were not known, when the ceilings were determined.
    Publisher
    Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu RIVM
    Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research TNO
    Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency PBL
    Sponsors
    Ministerie van Infrastructuur en Milieu
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