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    Toxicity of selected pesticides to the groundwater copepod Parastenocaris germanica (Crustacea)

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    Authors
    Notenboom J
    Boessenkool JJ
    Type
    Report
    Language
    en
    
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    Title
    Toxicity of selected pesticides to the groundwater copepod Parastenocaris germanica (Crustacea)
    Translated Title
    Toxiciteit van geselecteerde bestrijdingsmiddelen voor de grondwater copepode Parastenocaris germanica (Crustacea)
    Publiekssamenvatting
    De toxiciteit van negen verschillende bestrijdingsmiddelen of afbraakproducten voor de grondwater copepod Parstenocaris germanica is onderzocht. De onderzochte stoffen zijn geselecteerd vanwege hun potentieel gevaar voor grondwater bewonende metazoen. Niet alle experimenten lieten een duidelijke dosis-respons relatie zien of leverden goed reproduceerbare resultaten op. Dit werd veroorzaakt door een grote variatie in de waarnemingen mogelijk veroorzaakt door het technisch ontwerp van de experimenten (kleine volumina en aantallen test organismen) of door heterogeniteit van het biologisch materiaal (afkomstig van een veldpopulatie). Het meest toxisch voor P. germanica bleken Fenpropathrin (EC50 0.006 mug/l) en Cypermethrin (EC50: 0.02 mug/l) te zijn, gevolgd door Thiram (EC50: 2.3 mug/l); matig toxisch waren Aldicarb-sulfoxide (EC50: <lO mug/l), Aldicarb-sulfon (EC50: <180 mug/l), MlTC (EC50: 32 mug/l), en Ethoprofos (EC50: 450 /lg/l) ; het minst toxisch was ETU (EC50: 2330 mug/l). De resultaten van het experiment met Propoxur waren invalide vanwege 100% sterfte in de controle met oplosmiddel. Voor de onderzochte stoffen lijkt er een grote overeenkomst te zijn in het ecotoxicologisch profiel van P. germanica en Daphnia sp. Dit suggereert dat in de voorlopige ecologische risico analyse van bestrijdingsmiddelen in grondwater gegevens uit de aquatische ecotoxicologie kunnen worden gebruikt.
    The toxicity of nine different pesticides or degradation products to the groundwater copepod Parastenocaris germanica was investigated in 96 hours exposure experiments with immobility and mortality as end points. Test compounds were selected for their potential hazard for groundwater metazoans. The experiments did not always result in distinct dose-response relationships or give acceptable reproducible results. This was because of variance in observations probably associated with the experimental design (small volume and amounts of animals) or heterogeneity of biological material (field population origin). The most toxic chemicals to P. germanica appeared to be Fenpropathrin (EC50: 0.006 mug/l) and Cypermethrin (EC50: 0.02 mug/l), followed by Thiram (EC50: 2.3 mug/l) ; moderately toxic were Aldicarb-sulfoxide (EC50: <10 mug/l), Aldicarb-sul- fon (EC50: <180 mug/l), MITC (EC50: 32 mug/l), and Ethoprofos (EC50: 450 mug/l) ; and the least toxic was ETU (EC50: 2330 mug/l). Results of an experiment with Propoxur were invalid because of 100% mortality in the solvent control. Close similarity in ecotoxicological profiles of P. germanica and Daphnia sp. for the investigated compounds seems to exist. This suggests that data from aquatic ecotoxicology can be sed in the preliminary ecological hazard assessment of pesticides in groundwater.
    Sponsors
    DGM/SVS Speerpuntprogramma Bodemonderzoek
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10029/258432
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