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    Grondwaterbemonstering vanuit een analytisch-chemisch perspectief

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    Authors
    Velde-Koerts T van der
    Type
    Report
    Language
    nl
    
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    Title
    Grondwaterbemonstering vanuit een analytisch-chemisch perspectief
    Translated Title
    Ground water sampling from an analytical chemical point of view
    Publiekssamenvatting
    In het kader van de milieukwaliteitsmonitoring is een Landelijk Meetnet effecten Mestbeleid opgezet om de kwaliteit van het bovenste grondwater onder agrarische bedrijven te kunnen kwantificeren. Doel van dit onderzoek is om na te gaan of het bemonsteringsprotocol voor het bovenste grondwater, zoals dat voor macro-nutrienten werd opgezet, ook geschikt is voor analyses van macro-, micro- en sporenelementen. Elementafgifte en -sorptie tijdens de bemonstering werd hoofdzakelijke veroorzaakt door de membraanfilters. Van de vijf geteste filters (mixed-ester-cellulose, cellulose-acetaat, cellulosenitraat, geregenereed cellulose en polyvinylideendifluoride. Loodafgifte werd hoofdzakelijk veroorzaakt door de polyvinylchloride onderdelen van de bemonsterinsapparatuur. Monsters geconserveerd met 0.7% (v/v) HNO3 waren tenminste 1.5-2.5 jaar stabiel. Als filtratie en conservering niet meteen bij monstername werd uitgevoerd, waren Ni, Ba, Cu, totaal-P, Al, Cd, Zn, Pb, Cr en Fe gedeeltelijk geprecipiteerd. In monsters waarin zich na aanzuren bruine vlokken ontwikkelden, vond sorptie plaats van Al, Si, Cr, Fe en Pb. De bemonsteringsprocedure zoals die nu wordt uitgevoerd, is alleen geschikt voor de bepaling van Na, Mg, K, Ca, Sr en As. De bemonsteringsprocedure kan verbeterd worden door de membraanfilters te spoelen, het bemonsteringsmateriaal met zorg te kiezen, de monsters meteen bij monstername te filtreren en te conserveren en monsters met bruine vlokken te destrueren.
    A national monitoring network was set up to inventory the quality of the upper ground water under farms. The aim was to investigate if the sampling procedure developed for nutrient analysis, would also be suitable for metal analysis. Leaching and sorption of metals during sampling was due mainly to the membrane filters. Of the five filters tested (mixed ester cellulose, cellulose acetate, cellulose nitrate, regenerated cellulose and polyvinylidene difluoride), leaching and sorption were lowest for cellulose nitrate and polyvinylidene difluoride. Lead leaching was mainly attributed to the poly(vinyl chloride) parts of the sampling equipment. Samples preserved with 0.7% (v/v) HNO3 were stable for at least 1.5 to 2.5 years. Where filtration and preservation were not performed at the time of sampling, Ni, Ba, Cu, total P, Al, Cd, Zn, Pb, Cr, Fe were partly precipitated. Sorption for Al, Si, Cr, Fe and Pb was found in samples that developed brown flocks after preservation. The sampling procedure as it is now, is only suitable for the determination of Na, Mg, K, Ca, Sr and As. The sampling procedure can be improved by rinsing the membrane filters, carefully choosing the sampling material, filtrating and preservating at the time of sampling, and digesting samples containing brown flocks.
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    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10029/259438
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