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    TAPWAT: Definition structure and applications for modelling drinking water treatment

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    Authors
    Versteegh JFM
    van Gaalen FW
    Rietveld LC
    Evers EG
    Aldenberg TA
    Cleij P
    Type
    Report
    Language
    en
    
    Metadata
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    Title
    TAPWAT: Definition structure and applications for modelling drinking water treatment
    Translated Title
    TAPWAT
    Publiekssamenvatting
    Het model TAPWAT (Tool for the Analysis of the Production of drinking WATer), is ontwikkeld om de drinkwaterkwaliteit te beschrijven voor integrale studies in het kader van het planbureau Milieu en Natuur van het RIVM. Het model bestaat uit modules die de individuele zuiveringsstappen van het drinkwaterzuiveringsproces vertegenwoordigen. De zuiveringsstappen in TAPWAT worden voornamelijk gebruikt in systemen voor de behandeling van oppervlaktewater tot drinkwater. De huidige TAPWAT versie zoals in dit rapport beschreven bestaat uit modules gebaseerd op verwijderingspercentages en modules gebaseerd op proces of semi-empirische modelering. Het model moet in staat zijn om het gehele pad te beschrijven van bron tot en met infectierisico voor de bevolking (tenminste voor pathogenen). Aanbevolen wordt een plan van aanpak te maken waarin de bestaande en de nog missende modules, stoffen en micro-organismen geprioriteerd worden in de tijd evenals de noodzakelijke validatie van het model. De verbetering van de huidige versie van TAPWAT en de voorgestelde slag om het model geschikt te maken voor risicoanalyse ten behoeve van de volksgezondheid zal volgens het plan van aanpak uitgevoerd dienen te worden.<br>
    The 'Tool for the Analysis of the Production of drinking WATer' (TAPWAT) model has been developed for describing drinking-water quality in integral studies in the context of the Environmental Policy Assessment of the RIVM. The model consists of modules that represent individual steps in a treatment process, so that different treatment processes can be constructed. The treatment steps included in TAPWAT are used mainly in systems for the treatment of surface water. The current version of TAPWAT described in this report consists of modules based on removal percentages and on process or semi-empirical modelling. Stochastic modelling using beta-distribution has been worked out for two treatment steps and seems to be a promising technique; however, the availability of data for individual treatment steps is a disadvantage.In general, this combination works out fairly well in the model structure developed for TAPWAT. The model must be able to cover, at least for pathogens, the pathway from water source to infection risk for the public. The parts of the puzzle are present, but the puzzle still has to be laid. The model is as yet only suitable for operation by experts. A plan of action is recommended in which the existing and missing modules, compounds and micro-organisms of interest will be prioritised and the necessary validation of the model described. This plan of action should be implemented to improve the current TAPWAT version and make it suitable for assess public health risks.<br>
    Publisher
    Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu RIVM
    Technische Universiteit Delft
    Sponsors
    DGM
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