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    Methodologies to study human intestinal absorption. A review

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    Authors
    Versantvoort CHM
    Rompelberg CJM
    Sips AJAM
    Type
    Report
    Language
    en
    
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    Title
    Methodologies to study human intestinal absorption. A review
    Translated Title
    Technieken om humane absorptie te bestuderen. Een review
    Publiekssamenvatting
    In de risicobeoordeling worden blootstellingniveaus en normen uitgedrukt in een externe blootstelling (inname) terwijl de inwendige blootstelling (opname) bepaalt of er toxische effecten optreden. Van oraal ingenomen stoffen wordt vaak maar een fractie van de externe dosis opgenomen in het lichaam waardoor de opname van de stof lager is dan de inname. Dit rapport geeft een overzicht van de methodieken die veelal gebruikt worden om de absorptie van stoffen in de darm te bestuderen. In dit review ligt de nadruk op de bruikbaarheid van deze methodieken voor (ad hoc) risicoschatting. Daartoe worden de volgende eisen aan een methodiek gesteld: de methode moet snel, flexibel en relatief goedkoop zijn en moet een accurate schatting van de humane absorptie van oraal ingenomen stoffen in de darm kunnen maken. In vitro digestie- en Caco-2 transport modellen, waarmee de bioaccessibility en transport over de darmwand van stoffen bepaald kan worden, kunnen een waardevolle bijdrage leveren wanneer een snelle indicatie gewenst is van de humane absorptie van een stof uit een willekeurig product (bijv. geneesmiddelen, voeding, speelgoed, grond, etc). De informatie die met deze methodes verkregen wordt, kan geimplementeerd worden in humane blootstellingmodellen zoals CONSEXPO en kan bijdragen tot een betere risicoschatting.
    Concepts in risk assessment practice are expressed in terms of external exposure, while internal exposure determines whether toxic effects will occur. Often only a fraction of the ingested compound is absorbed external exposure, resulting in a lower internal exposure. The methodologies most commonly used to study the intestinal absorption of ingested compounds were reviewed. Since the use of these methodologies in (ad hoc) health risk assessment practice is of particular interest here, the methodologies were reviewed for their potential to provide a rapid and relatively inexpensive, accurate estimation of the human intestinal absorption of compounds. In vitro digestion and Caco-2 cell transport methods, which study the bioaccessibility and permeability across the intestinal epithelium of compounds, can be powerful tools for rapidly obtaining an indication of the human absorption of a compound from an arbitrary product e.g. pharmaceuticals, contaminants in food, toys and soil. The information obtained with the in vitro methods can, for example, be implemented in human exposure models, such as CONSEXPO, and can also contribute to a more rational and optimised health-risk assessment practice.
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    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10029/260145
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