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    Socioeconomic status of the Dutch population

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    Authors
    Stronks K
    Mheen H van de
    Mackenbach JP
    Type
    Report
    Language
    en
    
    Metadata
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    Title
    Socioeconomic status of the Dutch population
    Translated Title
    Sociaal-economische status van de Nederlandse bevolking
    Publiekssamenvatting
    In west-europese landen is een lagere sociaal-economische status geassocieerd met een hogere frequentie van gezondheidsproblemen en met een hogere sterfte. In Nederland is deze associatie waargenomen voor diverse gezondheidsindicatoren, waaronder chronische aandoeningen, klachten en ervaren gezondheid. Gegevens over sterfte onder mannen tonen een omgekeerd evenredig verband met sociaal-economisch status. Een vermindering van de sterfte met 20-50% kan worden verwacht als het voorkomen van morbiditeit in de hoogste sociaal-economische klasse kan worden toegepast op de gehele bevolking. Er is weinig informatie over trends in sociaal-economische verschillen in gezondheid in Nederland. Er zijn aanwijzingen voor een toename in verschillen in sterfte sinds de vijftiger jaren, maar gegevens over verschillen in de lengte van kinderen wijzen juist in de andere richting. Een gedeelte van de sociaal-economische ongelijkheid is waarschijnlijk het gevolg van sociaal-economische verschillen in gezondheid (selectie mechanisme). Het grootste gedeelte van de sociaal-economische verschillen in gezondheid wordt echter veroorzaakt door een ongelijke verdeling van determinanten over de populatie, zoals roken, hoge bloeddruk, werk en woonomstandigheden, sociale steun. Er zijn niet veel studies die trachten vast te stellen welke bijdrage een bepaalde determinant heeft aan de waargenomen sociaal-economische gezondheidsverschillen. Er zouden meer gegevens moeten worden verzameld om de achtergrond van deze verschillen te verklaren en beleidsmaatregelen op te baseren.
    It is clear now that in Western European countries, a lower socioeconomic status is associated with a higher frequency of a wide range of health problems, and with higher mortality. In the Netherlands, this association has been observed for several health indicators measured by means of questionnaires, such as chronic conditions, health complaints and perceived health. Data on mortality, only available for men, also show a negative socioeconomic gradient. A 20-50% reduction of health problems is to be expected if the level of illness of the highest socioeconomic level applies to the whole population. Information on trends in the size of the socioeconomic inequalities in health is limited in the Netherlands. There is some evidence of an increase of the differences in mortality since the fifties, but data on differences in the height of children point at the opposite conclusion. Although part of the socioeconomic inequalities in health are probably the result of the effect of health on socioeconomic status (selection mechanism), most of the inequalities are expected to be caused by the effect of socioeconomic status on health, via an uneven distribution of more specific determinants of health. A lot of these determinants have been shown to be differentially distributed among socioeconomic groups in the Netherlands, e.g. smoking, high blood pressure, working and housing conditions, life-events and social support. There are hardly any studies, however, which try to assess the contribution of these more specific determinants to the observed socioeconomic inequalities in health. More and more powerful explanatory data should be generated to learn more about the background of these inequalities, in order to design policy measures.
    Sponsors
    VWS
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10029/260662
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