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    Identificatie van belangrijke beroepsgroepen en stoffen bij het ontstaan van gezondheidseffecten en ziektelast door blootstelling aan stoffen onder arbeidsomstandigheden

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    Authors
    Dekkers S
    Preller EA
    Baars AJ
    Marquart J
    Raaij MTM van
    Series/Report no.
    RIVM rapport 320506002 , TNO rapport V7148
    Type
    Report
    Language
    nl
    
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    Title
    Identificatie van belangrijke beroepsgroepen en stoffen bij het ontstaan van gezondheidseffecten en ziektelast door blootstelling aan stoffen onder arbeidsomstandigheden
    Translated Title
    Identification of important occupations and chemicals in the development of diseases and the burden of diseases due to exposure at the workplace
    Publiekssamenvatting
    De ziektelast als gevolg van astma, chronische bronchitis en longemfyseem (COPD), contact-eczeem en longkanker zal naar verwachting afnemen, wanneer arbeidsgerelateerde blootstelling aan een aantal stoffen (chemicalien) binnen bepaalde beroepsgroepen wordt teruggedrongen. In een eerder RIVM-rapport werd voor negen aandoeningen de ziektelast als gevolg van blootstelling aan stoffen op de werkplek geschat. In dit vervolgonderzoek is voor de vier genoemde aandoeningen onderzocht bij welke combinaties van beroepsgroep en stof een relevante gezondheidswinst zou kunnen worden bereikt bij vermindering van de blootstelling. Relevante gezondheidswinst lijkt met name te behalen in de volgende combinaties van beroepsgroep en stof: - meelstof bij bakkers, isocyanaten in de bouwnijverheid, latex in de gezondheidszorg, en dierlijke allergenen in de landbouw voor astma; - anorganisch stof in de bouwnijverheid, meelstof bij bakkers en werkers in de voedselproductie, en organisch stof in de landbouw voor COPD; - nat werk, ontvetters, zepen, en detergentia bij diverse beroepen in de gezondheidszorg, schoonmakers, kappers en schoonheidsspecialisten voor contact-eczeem; en - kwartsstof in de bouw en passief roken in de horeca voor longkanker (uitgezonderd asbest als oorzaak van longkanker). De bovengenoemde opsomming geeft een indicatie van de belangrijkste combinaties van beroepsgroepen en stoffen in het Nederlandse bedrijfsleven. Echter, ook in andere beroepsgroepen en branches kunnen werknemers genoemde aandoeningen ontwikkelen door blootstelling aan bepaalde stoffen op de werkplek.
    In a previous RIVM report the burden of disease due to exposure to chemicals at the workplace was estimated for nine investigated diseases. This follow-up study further investigates the determinants occupation and chemicals. For the diseases asthma, COPD, contact dermatitis and lung cancer (excluding lung cancer caused by asbestos) the most important occupations in which the diseases occurs relatively often are determined first. Then the most relevant chemicals associated with each of these diseases are identified. Finally, the occupation and chemical combinations that are actually present in meaningful magnitude in the Netherlands are selected. In spite of many uncertainties in the selection of important occupational-substance combinations, it is nevertheless predicted from which occupational-substance combinations it can probably be expected that a reduction in occupational exposure may lead to substantial health profit for each of investigated diseases. For asthma, the following occupational-substance combinations are probably important: flour dust at bakers, isocyanates in the construction industry, latex in health care, and animal allergens in agriculture. For COPD, inorganic dust in the construction industry, flour dust at bakers and workers in food production, and organic dust in the agriculture are relevant. Wet work, grease removers, soaps and detergents in several professions in the health care, cleaners, hairdressers and beauty specialists play an important role in the development of occupational contact dermatitis. For lung cancer, quartz dust in construction work and passive smoking in the hotel- and catering industry are likely to be relevant. However, this does not mean that there is no risk to develop the diseases due to occupational exposures within occupations and branches which are not mentioned in this inventory. But the occupational-substance combinations mentioned above do give an indication of the most important combinations within the entire businesses activities of the Netherlands.
    Publisher
    TNO Kwaliteit van Leven
    Sponsors
    SZW
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10029/261096
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