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    Enterovirusconcentraties bij innamepunten van oppervlaktewater voor de bereiding van drinkwater

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    Authors
    Theunissen JJH
    Nobel PJ
    van der Heide R
    de Bruin HAM
    Veenendaal D
    Lodder WJ
    Schijven JF
    Medema GJ
    Kooij D
    Type
    Report
    Language
    nl
    
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    Title
    Enterovirusconcentraties bij innamepunten van oppervlaktewater voor de bereiding van drinkwater
    Translated Title
    Enterovirus concentrations at collection sites of surface waters for drinking water production
    Publiekssamenvatting
    In dit rapport worden alle meetgegevens van enterovirussen in oppervlaktewater, welke dient als grondstof voor de drinkwaterbereiding, samengevat voor de periode 1978 þ 1996. De meeste metingen hebben plaatsgehad in het stroomgebied van de grote rivieren in midden Nederland , gedurende de winterperiode. Gedurende deze periode bereiken de concentraties hun maximale waarden. De enterovirusconcentratie was in de grote rivieren gemiddeld 0,4 tot 3 per liter met een maximum van 13 per liter. In de overige grote oppervlaktewateren (IJsselmeer, Haringvliet, Drentsche Aa) was de concentratie gemiddeld 0,014 tot 0,022 per liter en maximaal 0,45 per liter. Uitgaande van een maximaal toelaatbare concentratie van 1,83 x 10-7 virussen per liter in drinkwater (infectierisico van 10-4 per persoon per jaar) kan een indicatie voor de benodigde verwijdering voor de bereiding van drinkwater worden afgeleid. Deze bedraagt voor oppervlaktewater uit het stroomgebied van de grote rivieren, gemiddeld 6-7 logeenheden en maximaal 8 logeenheden. Voor de bedrijven die gebruik maken van overig oppervlaktewater als bron is de benodigde verwijdering gemiddeld 5 en maximaal 6 logeenheden.<br>
    This report summarises all measured enterovirus concentrations in surface waters, which are used as source for drinking water production, for the period 1978-1996. Most of these measurements were performed in the large rivers during the winter period, when concentrations reach maximum levels. In the large rivers enterovirus concentrations were on average 0.4-3.0 per litre, reaching a maximum of 13 per litre. In other large surface waters (IJsselmeer, Haringvliet, Drentsche Aa) concentrations were on average 0.014-0.022 per litre, reaching a maximum of 0.45 per litre. An indication of the treatment required to produce safe drinking water from surface water can be derived assuming a maximum allowable concentration of 1.83 x 10-7 viruses per litre in drinking water (risk of infection of 10-4 per person per year). The required treatment was on average 6-7 log units, with a maximum of 8 log units for surface water from the large rivers. For other surface waters the required treatment amounted to 5 log units on average and 6 at maximum.<br>
    Publisher
    Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu RIVM
    Sponsors
    DGM/DWL
    KIWA
    Arnhem
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