Fruit and vegetable intake and prostate cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC).
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Authors
Perez-Cornago, AuroraTravis, Ruth C
Appleby, Paul N
Tsilidis, Konstantinos K
Tjønneland, Anne
Olsen, Anja
Overvad, Kim
Katzke, Verena
Kühn, Tilman
Trichopoulou, Antonia
Peppa, Eleni
Kritikou, Maria
Sieri, Sabina
Palli, Domenico
Sacerdote, Carlotta
Tumino, Rosario
Bueno-de-Mesquita, H B As
Agudo, Antonio
Larrañaga, Nerea
Molina-Portillo, Elena
Ardanaz, Eva
Chirlaque, Maria-Dolores
Lasheras, Cristina
Stattin, Pär
Wennberg, Maria
Drake, Isabel
Malm, Johan
Schmidt, Julie A
Khaw, Kay-Tee
Gunter, Marc
Freisling, Heinz
Huybrechts, Inge
Aune, Dagfinn
Cross, Amanda J
Riboli, Elio
Key, Timothy J
Type
ArticleLanguage
en
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Fruit and vegetable intake and prostate cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC).Published in
Int J Cancer 2017; 141(2):287-97Publiekssamenvatting
Several dietary factors have been studied in relation to prostate cancer; however, most studies have not reported on subtypes of fruit and vegetables or tumor characteristics, and results obtained so far are inconclusive. This study aimed to examine the prospective association of total and subtypes of fruit and vegetable intake with the incidence of prostate cancer overall, by grade and stage of disease, and prostate cancer death. Lifestyle information for 142,239 men participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition from 8 European countries was collected at baseline. Multivariable Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). After an average follow-up time of 13.9 years, 7,036 prostate cancer cases were identified. Compared with the lowest fifth, those in the highest fifth of total fruit intake had a significantly reduced prostate cancer risk (HR = 0.91; 95% CI = 0.83-0.99; p-trend = 0.01). No associations between fruit subtypes and prostate cancer risk were observed, except for citrus fruits, where a significant trend was found (HR = 0.94; 95% CI = 0.86-1.02; p-trend = 0.01). No associations between total and subtypes of vegetables and prostate cancer risk were observed. We found no evidence of heterogeneity in these associations by tumor grade and stage, with the exception of significant heterogeneity by tumor grade (pheterogeneity <0.001) for leafy vegetables. No significant associations with prostate cancer death were observed. The main finding of this prospective study was that a higher fruit intake was associated with a small reduction in prostate cancer risk. Whether this association is causal remains unclear.PMID
28419475ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.1002/ijc.30741
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