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    Revision of clinical case definitions: influenza-like illness and severe acute respiratory infection.

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    Authors
    Fitzner, Julia
    Qasmieh, Saba
    Mounts, Anthony Wayne
    Alexander, Burmaa
    Besselaar, Terry
    Briand, Sylvie
    Brown, Caroline
    Clark, Seth
    Dueger, Erica
    Gross, Diane
    Hauge, Siri
    Hirve, Siddhivinayak
    Jorgensen, Pernille
    Katz, Mark A
    Mafi, Ali
    Malik, Mamunur
    McCarron, Margaret
    Meerhoff, Tamara
    Mori, Yuichiro
    Mott, Joshua
    Olivera, Maria Teresa da Costa
    Ortiz, Justin R
    Palekar, Rakhee
    Rebelo-de-Andrade, Helena
    Soetens, Loes
    Yahaya, Ali Ahmed
    Zhang, Wenqing
    Vandemaele, Katelijn
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    Type
    Article
    Language
    en
    
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    Title
    Revision of clinical case definitions: influenza-like illness and severe acute respiratory infection.
    Published in
    Bull World Health Organ 2018; 96(2):122-8
    Publiekssamenvatting
    The formulation of accurate clinical case definitions is an integral part of an effective process of public health surveillance. Although such definitions should, ideally, be based on a standardized and fixed collection of defining criteria, they often require revision to reflect new knowledge of the condition involved and improvements in diagnostic testing. Optimal case definitions also need to have a balance of sensitivity and specificity that reflects their intended use. After the 2009-2010 H1N1 influenza pandemic, the World Health Organization (WHO) initiated a technical consultation on global influenza surveillance. This prompted improvements in the sensitivity and specificity of the case definition for influenza - i.e. a respiratory disease that lacks uniquely defining symptomology. The revision process not only modified the definition of influenza-like illness, to include a simplified list of the criteria shown to be most predictive of influenza infection, but also clarified the language used for the definition, to enhance interpretability. To capture severe cases of influenza that required hospitalization, a new case definition was also developed for severe acute respiratory infection in all age groups. The new definitions have been found to capture more cases without compromising specificity. Despite the challenge still posed in the clinical separation of influenza from other respiratory infections, the global use of the new WHO case definitions should help determine global trends in the characteristics and transmission of influenza viruses and the associated disease burden.
    DOI
    10.2471/BLT.17.194514
    PMID
    29403115
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10029/621413
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.2471/BLT.17.194514
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