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    Prospective aquatic risk assessment for chemical mixtures in agricultural landscapes.

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    Authors
    Holmes, Christopher M
    Brown, Colin D
    Hamer, Mick
    Jones, Russell
    Maltby, Lorraine
    Posthuma, Leo
    Silberhorn, Eric
    Teeter, Jerold Scott
    Warne, Michael St J
    Weltje, Lennart
    Type
    Article
    Language
    en
    
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    Title
    Prospective aquatic risk assessment for chemical mixtures in agricultural landscapes.
    Published in
    Environ Toxicol Chem 2018; 37(3):674-89
    Publiekssamenvatting
    Environmental risk assessment of chemical mixtures is challenging because of the multitude of possible combinations that may occur. Aquatic risk from chemical mixtures in an agricultural landscape was evaluated prospectively in 2 exposure scenario case studies: at field scale for a program of 13 plant-protection products applied annually for 20 yr and at a watershed scale for a mixed land-use scenario over 30 yr with 12 plant-protection products and 2 veterinary pharmaceuticals used for beef cattle. Risk quotients were calculated from regulatory exposure models with typical real-world use patterns and regulatory acceptable concentrations for individual chemicals. The results could differentiate situations when there was concern associated with single chemicals from those when concern was associated with a mixture (based on concentration addition) with no single chemical triggering concern. Potential mixture risk was identified on 0.02 to 7.07% of the total days modeled, depending on the scenario, the taxa, and whether considering acute or chronic risk. Taxa at risk were influenced by receiving water body characteristics along with chemical use profiles and associated properties. The present study demonstrates that a scenario-based approach can be used to determine whether mixtures of chemicals pose risks over and above any identified using existing approaches for single chemicals, how often and to what magnitude, and ultimately which mixtures (and dominant chemicals) cause greatest concern. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:674-689. © 2017 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC.
    DOI
    10.1002/etc.4049
    PMID
    29193235
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10029/621580
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1002/etc.4049
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