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    Probabilistic dietary risk assessment of triazole and dithiocarbamate fungicides for the Brazilian population.

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    Authors
    Jardim, Andreia Nunes Oliveira
    Mello, Denise Carvalho
    Brito, Alessandra Page
    van der Voet, Hilko
    Boon, Polly E
    Caldas, Eloisa Dutra
    Type
    Article
    Language
    en
    
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    Title
    Probabilistic dietary risk assessment of triazole and dithiocarbamate fungicides for the Brazilian population.
    Published in
    Food Chem Toxicol 2018; advance online publication (ahead of print)
    Publiekssamenvatting
    Residue data for triazoles (TR) and dithiocarbamates (DT) in 30,786 samples of 30 foods were obtained from mainly two national monitoring programs, and consumption data from a national survey conducted among persons aged 10 years or older About 16% of the samples contained TR, mainly grape (53.5%), and 16.2% contained DT, mainly apple (59.3%). Flusilazole was the index compound for the acute effects of TR for women of child-bearing-age (cranium-facial malformation and skeletal variation), cyproconazole for the chronic effects of TR (hepatoxicity), and ethylene-bis-dithitiocarbamates (EBDC) for DT (thyroid toxicity). Exposures were estimated using the Monte Carlo Risk Assessment software. Different models were tested, and a Model-Then-Add approach was found to best estimate the chronic exposures to DT and TR. At the 99.9th percentile (P99.9), the cumulative acute TR intakes accounted for up to 0.5% of the flusilazole ARfD, mainly from beans and rice consumption. The chronic TR and DT intakes accounted for 1 and 6.7% of the respective index compound ADIs, with beans and rice accounting for most of the TR intake (∼70%), and apple for about 51-56% of the DT intake. The estimated risks from the exposure to TR and DT indicate no health concern for the Brazilian population.
    DOI
    10.1016/j.fct.2018.05.002
    PMID
    29733884
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10029/621945
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1016/j.fct.2018.05.002
    Scopus Count
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