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    Epidemic spread of recombinant noroviruses with four capsid types in Hungary.

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    Authors
    Reuter, Gábor
    Vennema, Harry
    Koopmans, Marion P G
    Szücs, György
    Type
    Article
    Language
    en
    
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    Title
    Epidemic spread of recombinant noroviruses with four capsid types in Hungary.
    Publiekssamenvatting
    BACKGROUND: Noroviruses are common pathogens in gastro-enteritis outbreaks in humans worldwide. Noroviruses are genetically diverse group of viruses with multiple genogroups (GG) and genotypes. More recently, naturally occurring recombinant noroviruses were described. These viruses had a distinct polymerase gene sequence (designated GGIIb/Hilversum) and were disseminated through waterborne and food-borne transmission in Europe. OBJECTIVES: Our aim was to characterize these emerging recombinant noroviruses causing outbreaks of gastro-enteritis in Hungary. STUDY DESIGN: From January 2001 to May 2004, samples containing "GGIIb/Hilversum polymerase" (GGIIb-pol) were selected for analysis of the viral capsid region (ORF2) by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and sequencing. RESULTS: Thirty-four (14.4%) of 236 confirmed norovirus outbreaks were caused by the variant lineage with the GGIIb-pol. Four different recombinants were detected with capsids of Hu/NLV/GGII/Mexico/1989 (n=9, 43%), Hu/NLV/GGII/Snow Mountain/1976 (n=6, 28%), Hu/NLV/GGII/Hawaii/1971 (n=4, 19%) and Hu/NLV/GGII/Lordsdale/1993 (n=1, 5%). CONCLUSIONS: In Hungary, emerging recombinant noroviruses became the second most common norovirus variants-next to GGII-4/Lordsdale virus-causing epidemics of gastroenteritis in the last 4 years.
    DOI
    10.1016/j.jcv.2005.07.012
    PMID
    16242995
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10029/6922
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1016/j.jcv.2005.07.012
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