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    Chemical characterization and source apportionment estimates of particulate matter collected within the framework of EU project HEPMEAP

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    Authors
    Bloemen HJT
    Gerlofs-Nijland ME
    Janssen NAH
    Sandstrom T
    Bree L van
    Cassee FR
    Series/Report no.
    RIVM rapport 863001002
    Type
    Report
    Language
    en
    
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    Title
    Chemical characterization and source apportionment estimates of particulate matter collected within the framework of EU project HEPMEAP
    Translated Title
    Chemische karakterisatie en bronbijdrageschattingen van fijnstof verzameld in het kader van het EU project HEPMEAP
    Publiekssamenvatting
    The chemical composition of fine (0.1 - 2.5 um) and coarse mode (2.5 - 10 um) particulate matter is determined with specific attention paid to indicators of traffic emissions. Inorganic ions nitrate, sulphate and ammonium sum to 34% of PM mass and the measured organics from combustion processes up to 2%. Rough estimates of the traffic contributions of these two fractions vary from 30% to 60%. In the framework of the project 'Health effects of particles from motor engine exhaust and ambient pollution - HEPMEAP', a unique European collaboration between toxicologists and epidemiologists, ambient particulate matter (PM) was collected at various sites across Europe during the periods, November 2001 and March 2003. The HEPMEAP project studies the relation between the composition of particulate matter, and the toxicity and health effects. Besides strong similarities, PM samples from these various locations/sources show substantial differences in chemical composition. For example, samples from the rural location in Northern Sweden were highly dominated by organic matter, most likely originating from wood combustion. The data presented in this report will provide valuable information for in vitro and in vivo toxicity studies performed within this European Union research project.
    Een groot deel van de massa van het fijnstof bestaat uit anorganisch aerosol (34% nitraat, sulfaat en ammonium). Daarnaast bestaat circa 2% uit organisch materiaal afkomstig van verbrandingsprocessen. Ruwe schattingen van de verkeersbijdrage voor deze twee fracties varieren tussen 30% en 60%. In het kader van het project 'Health effects of particles from motor engine exhaust and ambient pollution - HEPMEAP', een unieke Europese samenwerking tussen toxicologen en epidemiologen, is buitenlucht fijnstof verzameld op diverse locaties in Europa gedurende de periode november 2001 - maart 2003. In het HEPMEAP project zijn relaties tussen de samenstelling van fijnstof en toxische en andere gezondheidseffecten bestudeerd. De chemische samenstelling van twee fracties (0.1 - 2.5 um en 2.5 - 10 um) is bepaald met aandacht voor specifieke verkeersindicatoren. Behalve grote overeenkomsten in samenstelling van fijnstof op de verschillende locaties, zijn ook locatie-specifieke verschillen gevonden. Zo bleek op de locatie in Noord-Zweden relatief hoge concentraties organisch aerosol in fijnstof voor te komen, wat in een belangrijke mate afkomstig is van houtverbranding. De gegevens in dit rapport worden gebruikt om de resultaten van experimenteel toxicologisch onderzoek wat ook is uitgevoerd in het kader van dit project, nader te verklaren.
    Publisher
    Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu RIVM
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10029/7447
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