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    Diabetes, stress response and blood pressure: prenatal nutritional programming in a rat model

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    Authors
    Verhoef A
    Kuil A van de
    Dormans JAMA
    Pesman G
    Piersma AH
    Series/Report no.
    RIVM rapport 650100001
    Type
    Report
    Language
    en
    
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    Title
    Diabetes, stress response and blood pressure: prenatal nutritional programming in a rat model
    Translated Title
    Diabetes,stress response en bloeddruk: prenatale programmering via de voeding in een rattenmodel
    Publiekssamenvatting
    The current epidemic increase of diabetes in western societies is associated with lifestyle factors. Increased caloric intake in combination with decreased physical exercise predisposes for obesity and diabetes. However, an additional important cause of the diabetes epidemic may be found in nutrition during pregnancy. Prenatal nutritional programming of physiological parameters is increasingly considered as an important determinant of diseases in adulthood such as cardiac failure, obesity and diabetes. The current study describes the continuing development of an animal model for prenatal programming. Continuous blood pressure determinations in stress-free conscious rats showed no changes after prenatal diets with a reduced protein content or with an increased saturated fatty acid content. In addition, no changes were observed in the adrenal response to ACTH, either in vivo or in vitro. Remarkably, the insulin response was increased in adult offspring after a prenatal saturated fatty acid rich diet. The latter finding prompts further research into the role of nutritional fatty acids in prenatal programming of glucose homeostasis. This mechanism my have important public health impact in view of current dietary habits and increasing diabetes prevalence in western societies.
    De huidige epidemische toename van diabetes in de westerse samenleving is geassocieerd met leefstijlfactoren. Verhoogde calorische inname in combinatie met verminderde lichamelijke inspanning verhoogt de kans op het krijgen van obesitas en diabetes. Echter, een additionele oorzaak van de diabetes epidemie ligt mogelijk in de voeding tijdens de zwangerschap. Programmering door de voeding tijdens de zwangerschap van fysiologische parameters in het nageslacht wordt in toenemende mate beschouwd als een belangrijke determinant van aandoeningen op volwassen leeftijd waaronder cardiovasculaire ziekten, obesitas en diabetes. Dit onderzoek beschrijft de verdere ontwikkeling van een diermodel voor prenatale programmering. Continue bloeddrukmeting in stressvrije wakkere dieren lieten geen veranderingen zien na prenatale dieten met verminderd eiwitgehalte dan weleen verhoogde concentratie verzadigd vet. Ook de bijnierrespons op ACTH, gemeten in vivo en in vitro, liet geen veranderingen zien. Opvallend was de verhoogde insulinerespons in volwassen nakomelingen na een prenataal dieet verrijkt met verzadigd vet. Deze bevinding vraagt om nader onderzoek naar de rol van vetzuren in het dieet bij de prenatale programmering van de regulatie van de glucosespiegel in het bloed. Dit mechanisme kan belangrijke implicaties hebben voor de volksgezondheid, gegeven moderne eetgewoonten en de toenemende prevalentie van diabetes in de westerse wereld.
    Publisher
    Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu RIVM
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10029/9049
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