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    From concentration to dose: factors influencing airborne particulate matter deposition in humans and rats

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    Authors
    Winter-sorkina R de
    Cassee FR
    Series/Report no.
    RIVM rapport 650010031
    Type
    Report
    Language
    en
    
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    Title
    From concentration to dose: factors influencing airborne particulate matter deposition in humans and rats
    Translated Title
    Van concentratie naar dosis: fijnstof depositie in mensen en ratten
    Publiekssamenvatting
    Particulate matter (PM) consisting of solid particles and droplets is present in the ambient air. Particles with an aerodynamic diameter less than 10 micro m can be inhaled by humans. Knowledge of the tissue-specific internal dose of PM is a critical link between individual external exposure and health outcomes. Computer models have proven to be important tools to analyse PM dosimetry, they are especially suited to analyse effects of scenarios, such as particulate exposure control strategies. A Multiple Path Particle Dosimetry model (MPPD) has been developed by CIIT (Chemical Industry Institute of Toxicology, USA) in close collaboration with RIVM. The MPPD model allows calculation of PM deposition fractions and exposure doses for humans and rats, and includes age-specific human lung models. This report describes the results of monodisperse aerosol deposition calculations with the MPPD model and its sensitivity to various parameters. Regional, lobar and alveolar depositions are calculated with a stochastic lung model for human adult. Age dependency of PM deposition for children and young adults is studied. Dependency of regional deposition on the level of physical exertion is studied for human adults. Coefficients for the rat-human deposition extrapolation have been determined for three levels of human physical exertion (sleep, awake rest and light exercise).
    Fijnstof bestaande uit vaste deeltjes en druppels is aanwezig in binnen- en buitenlucht. Deeltjes met aerodynamische diameter kleiner dan 10 micro m kunnen ingeademd worden door mensen. Kennis van weefsel specifieke interne dosis van fijn stof is een kritische schakel tussen individuele externe blootstelling en gevolgen voor de gezondheid. Computer modellen zijn belangrijk gereedschap om fijnstof dosimetrie te analyseren. Het Multiple Path Particle Dosimetry (MPPD) model is ontwikkeld door CIIT (Chemical Industry Institute of Toxicology, VS) in samenwerking met het RIVM. Het MPPD model biedt de mogelijkheid om depositiefracties en blootstellingsdosis aan fijnstof te berekenen voor mensen en ratten, en bevat leeftijdsafhankelijke humane longmodellen. Dit rapport beschrijft resultaten van de berekeningen met het MPPD model van depositie van monodisperse aerosolen en de gevoeligheid van het model voor verschillende parameters. Regionale, lobspecifieke en alveolaire deposities zijn berekend met een stochastische longmodel voor de volwassen mens. Leeftijdsafhankelijkheid van fijnstof depositie voor kinderen en adolescenten is onderzocht. Afhankelijkheid van regionale depositie van het niveau van fysieke inspanning is onderzocht voor een volwassen mens. Coefficienten voor rat-mens depositieextrapolatie zijn vastgesteld voor drie niveaus van menselijke fysieke inspanning (slaap, rust en lichte inspanning).
    Publisher
    Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu RIVM
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10029/9272
    Collections
    RIVM official reports

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