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Authors
Laux, PeterRiebeling, Christian
Booth, Andy M
Brain, Joseph D
Brunner, Josephine
Cerrillo, Cristina
Creutzenberg, Otto
Estrela-Lopis, Irina
Gebel, Thomas
Johanson, Gunnar
Jungnickel, Harald
Kock, Heiko
Tentschert, Jutta
Tlili, Ahmed
Schäffer, Andreas
Sips, Adriënne J A M
Yokel, Robert A
Luch, Andreas
Type
ArticleLanguage
en
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Show full item recordTitle
Biokinetics of Nanomaterials: the Role of Biopersistence.Published in
NanoImpact 2017; 6:69-80Publiekssamenvatting
Nanotechnology risk management strategies and environmental regulations continue to rely on hazard and exposure assessment protocols developed for bulk materials, including larger size particles, while commercial application of nanomaterials (NMs) increases. In order to support and corroborate risk assessment of NMs for workers, consumers, and the environment it is crucial to establish the impact of biopersistence of NMs at realistic doses. In the future, such data will allow a more refined future categorization of NMs. Despite many experiments on NM characterization and numerous in vitro and in vivo studies, several questions remain unanswered including the influence of biopersistence on the toxicity of NMs. It is unclear which criteria to apply to characterize a NM as biopersistent. Detection and quantification of NMs, especially determination of their state, i.e., dissolution, aggregation, and agglomeration within biological matrices and other environments are still challenging tasks; moreover mechanisms of nanoparticle (NP) translocation and persistence remain critical gaps. This review summarizes the current understanding of NM biokinetics focusing on determinants of biopersistence. Thorough particle characterization in different exposure scenarios and biological matrices requires use of suitable analytical methods and is a prerequisite to understand biopersistence and for the development of appropriate dosimetry. Analytical tools that potentially can facilitate elucidation of key NM characteristics, such as ion beam microscopy (IBM) and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), are discussed in relation to their potential to advance the understanding of biopersistent NM kinetics. We conclude that a major requirement for future nanosafety research is the development and application of analytical tools to characterize NPs in different exposure scenarios and biological matrices.PMID
29057373ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.1016/j.impact.2017.03.003
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