Methodologies to study human intestinal absorption. A review
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Series / Report no.
Open Access
Type
Report
Language
en
Date
2000-12-18
Research Projects
Organizational Units
Journal Issue
Title
Methodologies to study human intestinal absorption.
A review
Translated Title
Technieken om humane absorptie te bestuderen. Een
review
Published in
Abstract
In de risicobeoordeling worden blootstellingniveaus en
normen uitgedrukt in een externe blootstelling (inname) terwijl de inwendige
blootstelling (opname) bepaalt of er toxische effecten optreden. Van oraal
ingenomen stoffen wordt vaak maar een fractie van de externe dosis opgenomen
in het lichaam waardoor de opname van de stof lager is dan de inname. Dit
rapport geeft een overzicht van de methodieken die veelal gebruikt worden om
de absorptie van stoffen in de darm te bestuderen. In dit review ligt de
nadruk op de bruikbaarheid van deze methodieken voor (ad hoc)
risicoschatting. Daartoe worden de volgende eisen aan een methodiek
gesteld: de methode moet snel, flexibel en relatief goedkoop zijn en moet
een accurate schatting van de humane absorptie van oraal ingenomen stoffen
in de darm kunnen maken. In vitro digestie- en Caco-2 transport modellen,
waarmee de bioaccessibility en transport over de darmwand van stoffen
bepaald kan worden, kunnen een waardevolle bijdrage leveren wanneer een
snelle indicatie gewenst is van de humane absorptie van een stof uit een
willekeurig product (bijv. geneesmiddelen, voeding, speelgoed, grond, etc).
De informatie die met deze methodes verkregen wordt, kan geimplementeerd
worden in humane blootstellingmodellen zoals CONSEXPO en kan bijdragen tot
een betere risicoschatting.
Concepts in risk assessment practice are expressed in terms of external exposure, while internal exposure determines whether toxic effects will occur. Often only a fraction of the ingested compound is absorbed external exposure, resulting in a lower internal exposure. The methodologies most commonly used to study the intestinal absorption of ingested compounds were reviewed. Since the use of these methodologies in (ad hoc) health risk assessment practice is of particular interest here, the methodologies were reviewed for their potential to provide a rapid and relatively inexpensive, accurate estimation of the human intestinal absorption of compounds. In vitro digestion and Caco-2 cell transport methods, which study the bioaccessibility and permeability across the intestinal epithelium of compounds, can be powerful tools for rapidly obtaining an indication of the human absorption of a compound from an arbitrary product e.g. pharmaceuticals, contaminants in food, toys and soil. The information obtained with the in vitro methods can, for example, be implemented in human exposure models, such as CONSEXPO, and can also contribute to a more rational and optimised health-risk assessment practice.
Concepts in risk assessment practice are expressed in terms of external exposure, while internal exposure determines whether toxic effects will occur. Often only a fraction of the ingested compound is absorbed external exposure, resulting in a lower internal exposure. The methodologies most commonly used to study the intestinal absorption of ingested compounds were reviewed. Since the use of these methodologies in (ad hoc) health risk assessment practice is of particular interest here, the methodologies were reviewed for their potential to provide a rapid and relatively inexpensive, accurate estimation of the human intestinal absorption of compounds. In vitro digestion and Caco-2 cell transport methods, which study the bioaccessibility and permeability across the intestinal epithelium of compounds, can be powerful tools for rapidly obtaining an indication of the human absorption of a compound from an arbitrary product e.g. pharmaceuticals, contaminants in food, toys and soil. The information obtained with the in vitro methods can, for example, be implemented in human exposure models, such as CONSEXPO, and can also contribute to a more rational and optimised health-risk assessment practice.
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