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    Dietary intake of heavy metals (cadmium, lead and mercury) by the Dutch population

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    Authors
    de Winter-Sorkina R
    Bakker MI
    van Donkersgoed G
    van Klaveren JD
    Type
    Report
    Language
    en
    
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    Title
    Dietary intake of heavy metals (cadmium, lead and mercury) by the Dutch population
    Translated Title
    Inname van zware metalen (cadmium, lood en kwik) door de Nederlandse bevolking via de voeding
    Publiekssamenvatting
    De blootstelling van de Nederlandse bevolking aan cadmium, lood en kwik via voeding is geschat met behulp van concentraties gemeten in 1999-2002 en met de consumptiegegevens van de derde Voedsel Consumptie Peiling. De blootstelling is berekend met het MCRA (Monte Carlo Risico Analyse) programma van het RIKILT (ontwikkeld door Biometris, Universiteit Wageningen). De mediane lange-termijn inname van cadmium via de voeding van de Nederlandse bevolking wordt geschat op 0,14 ug/kg lg/dag. Voor kinderen in de leeftijd van 1 tot met 6 jaar is de geschatte inname 0,32 ug/kg lg/dag. Het 97,5e percentiel van de inname van de gehele bevolking wordt geschat op 0,32 ug/kg lg/dag. Dit komt overeen met 64 % van de toelaatbare dagelijkse inname (TDI) voor de orale blootstelling aan cadmium (0,5 ug/kg lg/dag). De TDI wordt wel overschreden door ongeveer 2,5 % van Nederlandse kinderen in de leeftijd van 1 tot met 6 jaar.De geschatte mediane lange-termijn inname van lood via voeding door de Nederlandse bevolking is 0,05 ug/kg lg/dag en door kinderen in de leeftijd van 1 tot met 6 jaar 0,10 ug/kg lg/dag. De 95e percentielen van de geschatte inname zijn laag ten opzichte van de TDI (3,6 ug/kg lg/dag). De geschatte mediane lange-termijn inname van kwik via voeding door de gehele bevolking en door kinderen in de leeftijd van 1 tot met 6 jaar op basis van de beschikbare data is 9 ng/kg lg/dag, respectievelijk 33 ng/kg lg/dag. De TDI voor orale blootstelling aan organisch kwik van 0,1 ug/kg lg/dag en voor inorganisch kwik van 2 ug/kg lg/dag worden niet overschreden door de 95e percentielen van de geschatte innames.<br>
    The exposure of the Dutch population to cadmium, lead and mercury via food is assessed based on concentration data from 1999-2002 and on consumption data from the third Dutch National Food Consumption Survey. To this end, the dietary intake estimation method using the MCRA (Monte Carlo Risk Analysis) programme of the Intstitute of Food Safety (RIKILT) was used in the assessment. The estimated median long-term dietary intake of cadmium by the whole population is 0.14 ug/kg body weight/day, while by 1-6 year-old children it is 0.32 ug/kg bw/day. The 97.5th percentile of the intake of the whole population is estimated at 0.32 ug/kg bw/day, which is 64 % of the tolerable daily intake (TDI). It is estimated that the TDI of 0.50 ug/kg bw/day is exceeded by 2.5 % of the 1-6 year-old children. The estimated median long-term dietary intake of lead by the whole population is 0.05 ug/kg bw/day, while by 1-6 year-old children it is 0.10 ug/kg bw/day. The estimated 95th percentiles for the intake of lead by the whole population and by 1-6 year-old children are low compared to the TDI (3.6 ug/kg bw/day). The median long-term dietary intake of mercury by the whole population and by 1-6 year-old children is estimated at 9 and 33 ng/kg bw/day, respectively. The TDI of organic mercury (0.1 ug/kg bw/day) and of inorganic mercury (2 ug/kg bw/day) are not exceeded by the 95th percentiles of the estimated long-term intake<br>
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    Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu RIVM
    RIKILT Wageningen
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