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Afleiding van milieurisicogrenzen voor chloride in oppervlaktewater, grondwater, bodem en waterbodem
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Series / Report no.
RIVM rapport 711701075
Open Access
Type
Report
Language
nl
Date
2008-11-13
Research Projects
Organizational Units
Journal Issue
Title
Afleiding van milieurisicogrenzen voor chloride in oppervlaktewater, grondwater, bodem en waterbodem
Translated Title
Derivation of environmental risk limits for chloride in surface water, groundwater, soil and sediment
Published in
Abstract
Het RIVM heeft milieurisicogrenzen afgeleid voor chloride in zoet oppervlaktewater en sediment, en voor grondwater en bodem dat niet door brak of zout water is beinvloed. Chloride wordt onder andere gebruikt als strooizout om gladheid op wegen te bestrijden. De afleiding van milieurisicogrenzen voor deze stof is gewenst vanwege het Besluit bodemkwaliteit, drempelwaarden voor grondwater (voor de Europese Grondwaterrichtlijn) bodembescherming in het algemeen, en omdat hij in de categorie 'overige relevante stoffen' valt voor de Kaderrichtlijn Water.
Voor de afleiding van de milieurisicogrenzen zijn de actuele toxicologische gegevens gebruikt, gecombineerd met de meest recente methodiek (Van Vlaardingen en Verbruggen, 2007). Voor water en sediment, de waterbodem, is deze methodiek voorgeschreven door de Europese Kaderrichtlijn Water. Voor sediment zijn geen milieurisicogrenzen afgeleid, omdat chloride zich in verwaarloosbare mate aan sediment bindt.
Het rapport bevat het MTR (Maximaal Toelaatbaar Risiconiveau) en ER (Ernstig Risiconiveau) voor water, bodem en sediment. Dit zijn wetenschappelijk afgeleide waarden die dienen als advieswaarden die de uiteindelijke milieukwaliteitsnormen vaststelt. Milieurisicogrenzen hebben dus voorlopig geen officiele status. De toepassing binnen genoemde kaders is vervolgens de verantwoordelijkheid van beleidsmakers.
In this report, RIVM has derived environmental risk limits for chloride in fresh surface water and sediment, and for soil and groundwater which are not influenced by brackish or salt water. Chloride is among other purposes used as salt in the control of icy roads. Chloride was selected, because the derivation of environmental risk limits for this substance is relevant in the framework of the Decree for Soil Quality, threshold values for groundwater (for the European Groundwater daughter Directive) and the category 'other relevant substances' for the Water Framework Directive, and for soil protection in general.
For deriving the environmental risk limits, RIVM used the most up-to-date ecotoxicological data in combination with the most recent methodology (Van Vlaardingen and Verbruggen, 2007). For water and sediment, this methodology is required by the European Water Framework Directive. No risk limits were derived for the sediment compartment, because sorption of chloride to sediment is assumed to be negligible.
Environmental risk limits, as derived in this report, are scientifically derived values, based on (eco)toxicological, fate and physicochemical data. They serve as advisory values for the Dutch Steering Committee for Substances, which is appointed to set the Environmental Quality Standards (EQSs). ERLs are thus preliminary values that do not have any official status. Four different risk limits are distinguished: negligible concentrations (NC); the concentration at which no harmful effects are to be expected (maximum permissible concentration, MPC); the maximum acceptable concentration for ecosystems specifically in terms of short-term exposure (MAC/eco); the concentration at which possible serious effects are to be expected (serious risk concentrations, SRC/eco). The MPC and the SRC have been reported for water soil and sediment. Due to the fact that acute effects were not considered in this report, the MAC/eco has not been derived. It is up to policymakers to apply these values in the frameworks mentioned before.
Voor de afleiding van de milieurisicogrenzen zijn de actuele toxicologische gegevens gebruikt, gecombineerd met de meest recente methodiek (Van Vlaardingen en Verbruggen, 2007). Voor water en sediment, de waterbodem, is deze methodiek voorgeschreven door de Europese Kaderrichtlijn Water. Voor sediment zijn geen milieurisicogrenzen afgeleid, omdat chloride zich in verwaarloosbare mate aan sediment bindt.
Het rapport bevat het MTR (Maximaal Toelaatbaar Risiconiveau) en ER (Ernstig Risiconiveau) voor water, bodem en sediment. Dit zijn wetenschappelijk afgeleide waarden die dienen als advieswaarden die de uiteindelijke milieukwaliteitsnormen vaststelt. Milieurisicogrenzen hebben dus voorlopig geen officiele status. De toepassing binnen genoemde kaders is vervolgens de verantwoordelijkheid van beleidsmakers.
In this report, RIVM has derived environmental risk limits for chloride in fresh surface water and sediment, and for soil and groundwater which are not influenced by brackish or salt water. Chloride is among other purposes used as salt in the control of icy roads. Chloride was selected, because the derivation of environmental risk limits for this substance is relevant in the framework of the Decree for Soil Quality, threshold values for groundwater (for the European Groundwater daughter Directive) and the category 'other relevant substances' for the Water Framework Directive, and for soil protection in general.
For deriving the environmental risk limits, RIVM used the most up-to-date ecotoxicological data in combination with the most recent methodology (Van Vlaardingen and Verbruggen, 2007). For water and sediment, this methodology is required by the European Water Framework Directive. No risk limits were derived for the sediment compartment, because sorption of chloride to sediment is assumed to be negligible.
Environmental risk limits, as derived in this report, are scientifically derived values, based on (eco)toxicological, fate and physicochemical data. They serve as advisory values for the Dutch Steering Committee for Substances, which is appointed to set the Environmental Quality Standards (EQSs). ERLs are thus preliminary values that do not have any official status. Four different risk limits are distinguished: negligible concentrations (NC); the concentration at which no harmful effects are to be expected (maximum permissible concentration, MPC); the maximum acceptable concentration for ecosystems specifically in terms of short-term exposure (MAC/eco); the concentration at which possible serious effects are to be expected (serious risk concentrations, SRC/eco). The MPC and the SRC have been reported for water soil and sediment. Due to the fact that acute effects were not considered in this report, the MAC/eco has not been derived. It is up to policymakers to apply these values in the frameworks mentioned before.
Description
Publisher
Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu RIVM
Sponsors
VROM-DGM-BWL