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Grootschalige concentratie- en depositiekaarten Nederland : Rapportage 2020
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Series / Report no.
RIVM rapport 2020-0091
Open Access
Type
Report
Language
nl
Date
2020-10-19
Research Projects
Organizational Units
Journal Issue
Title
Grootschalige concentratie- en depositiekaarten Nederland : Rapportage 2020
Translated Title
Large-scale concentration and deposition maps of the Netherlands : 2020 report
Published in
Abstract
Het RIVM maakt elk jaar kaarten van de luchtverontreiniging in Nederland. Dit gebeurt voor heel veel stoffen, waaronder stikstofdioxide, ammoniak en fijnstof. Ook wordt de hoeveelheid stikstof die op de bodem en planten neerslaat, de stikstofdepositie, in kaart gebracht. Naast de jaarlijkse berekeningen maakt het RIVM verwachtingen voor 2020, 2025 en 2030. Hierbij is geen rekening gehouden met de mogelijke langetermijneffecten van de COVID-19-pandemie.
De kaarten worden gebruikt om de ontwikkeling van de luchtkwaliteit en de stikstofdepositie in Nederland te volgen. De overheden gebruiken de kaarten om nieuw beleid te maken om de luchtkwaliteit te verbeteren en de stikstofdepositie te verminderen. Luchtverontreiniging is schadelijk voor de volksgezondheid. Te veel stikstofdepositie op natuurgebieden is schadelijk voor het aantal soorten. De kaarten worden gemaakt door metingen te combineren met modelberekeningen. Zo komen de kaarten het beste overeen met de werkelijke situatie.
Stikstofdioxide- en fijnstofconcentraties
De gemeten concentraties stikstofdioxide in de lucht zijn in 2019 gemiddeld iets (circa 5 procent) lager dan in 2018. Naar verwachting zullen de gemiddelde concentraties in Nederland in 2030 ongeveer 30 procent lager zijn dan de concentraties in 2019. Deze concentraties dalen iets minder dan vorig jaar, werd verwacht. Dit komt vooral doordat de verkeersemissies naar verwachting minder zullen dalen.
De gemeten concentraties fijnstof (PM10 en PM2,5) waren in 2019 ook iets lager dan in 2018 (ongeveer 7 procent en 13 procent). De verwachting is dat de gemiddelde berekende Nederlandse concentraties fijnstof (PM10 en PM2,5) in de komende tien jaar nog ongeveer 13 respectievelijk 20 procent dalen.
Ammoniakconcentraties en stikstofdepositie
Ammoniak in de lucht levert een belangrijke bijdrage aan de hoeveelheid stikstof die uiteindelijk op de bodem en planten neerslaat. De concentraties ammoniak in de lucht zijn daarom een graadmeter voor de hoeveelheid ammoniak die neerslaat. De gemeten concentraties ammoniak in de lucht zijn in 2019 ongeveer 12 procent lager dan in 2018. In 2018 waren de concentraties door de weersomstandigheden overigens hoger dan normaal
De gemiddelde stikstofdepositie op het totale Nederlandse landoppervlak was in 2019 circa 7 procent lager dan in 2018. De verwachting, vanuit het huidige beleid, is dat deze stikstofdepositie in Nederland tot 2030 met ongeveer 15 procent zal dalen. De stikstofdepositie is vooral van belang in de Natura 2000- gebieden. De gemiddelde daling tussen 2019 en 2030, in de Natura 2000- gebieden op het Nederlandse landoppervlak, is ook ongeveer 15 procent.
Every year, RIVM makes maps that show the air pollution in the Netherlands. It maps the concentrations of a lot of substances, including nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ammonia, particulate matter and the quantity of nitrogen deposited on soil and plants (known as 'the nitrogen deposition'). In addition to its annual calculations, RIVM draws up forecasts for 2020, 2025 and 2030. The possible long-term effects of the COVID-19 pandemic have not been taken into account. These maps are used to monitor the development of the air quality and nitrogen deposition in the Netherlands. The authorities base new policy for improving the air quality and reducing nitrogen deposition on them. Air pollution is a health hazard. Excessive nitrogen deposition in nature reserves causes the number of species living in these ecosystems to decline. RIVM's maps are made by combining measurements with model calculations, thus ensuring that they are as accurate as possible. Nitrogen dioxide and fine particle concentrations On average, the concentrations of nitrogen dioxide measured in the air in 2019 were approximately 5% lower than in 2018. Average concentrations in the Netherlands in 2030 are expected to be approximately 30% lower than in 2019. These concentrations are not expected to decrease as quickly as last year, primarily because traffic emissions are not likely to fall as much in the future. The concentrations of particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) measured were also lower in 2019 than in 2018 (around 7% and 13%). The average concentrations of particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) calculated in the Netherlands are expected to decrease further by around 13% and 20% respectively in the next ten years. Ammonia concentrations and nitrogen deposition Ammonia in the air contributes significantly to the quantity of nitrogen ultimately deposited on soil and plants. The concentrations of ammonia in the air are therefore a good indicator of the quantity of ammonia deposited. The concentrations of ammonia measured in the air in 2019 were approximately 12% lower than in 2018. Incidentally, the concentrations were higher than usual in 2018 due to the weather conditions. The average nitrogen deposition on the total land area of the Netherlands in 2019 was approximately 7% lower than in 2018. Based on current policy, this nitrogen deposition is expected to decrease by around 15% by 2030. Nitrogen deposition is of particular importance for Natura 2000 areas. The average decrease between 2019 and 2030 in Natura 2000 areas in the Netherlands will also be around 15%.
Every year, RIVM makes maps that show the air pollution in the Netherlands. It maps the concentrations of a lot of substances, including nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ammonia, particulate matter and the quantity of nitrogen deposited on soil and plants (known as 'the nitrogen deposition'). In addition to its annual calculations, RIVM draws up forecasts for 2020, 2025 and 2030. The possible long-term effects of the COVID-19 pandemic have not been taken into account. These maps are used to monitor the development of the air quality and nitrogen deposition in the Netherlands. The authorities base new policy for improving the air quality and reducing nitrogen deposition on them. Air pollution is a health hazard. Excessive nitrogen deposition in nature reserves causes the number of species living in these ecosystems to decline. RIVM's maps are made by combining measurements with model calculations, thus ensuring that they are as accurate as possible. Nitrogen dioxide and fine particle concentrations On average, the concentrations of nitrogen dioxide measured in the air in 2019 were approximately 5% lower than in 2018. Average concentrations in the Netherlands in 2030 are expected to be approximately 30% lower than in 2019. These concentrations are not expected to decrease as quickly as last year, primarily because traffic emissions are not likely to fall as much in the future. The concentrations of particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) measured were also lower in 2019 than in 2018 (around 7% and 13%). The average concentrations of particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) calculated in the Netherlands are expected to decrease further by around 13% and 20% respectively in the next ten years. Ammonia concentrations and nitrogen deposition Ammonia in the air contributes significantly to the quantity of nitrogen ultimately deposited on soil and plants. The concentrations of ammonia in the air are therefore a good indicator of the quantity of ammonia deposited. The concentrations of ammonia measured in the air in 2019 were approximately 12% lower than in 2018. Incidentally, the concentrations were higher than usual in 2018 due to the weather conditions. The average nitrogen deposition on the total land area of the Netherlands in 2019 was approximately 7% lower than in 2018. Based on current policy, this nitrogen deposition is expected to decrease by around 15% by 2030. Nitrogen deposition is of particular importance for Natura 2000 areas. The average decrease between 2019 and 2030 in Natura 2000 areas in the Netherlands will also be around 15%.
Description
Publisher
Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu RIVM
Sponsors
Ministerie van I&W