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Dragerschap van antibioticaresistente bacteriën bij dierenartsen en dierenartsassistenten. De AREND-studie
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Series / Report no.
RIVM rapport 2021-0029
Open Access
Type
Report
Language
nl
Date
2021-03-04
Research Projects
Organizational Units
Journal Issue
Title
Dragerschap van antibioticaresistente bacteriën bij dierenartsen en dierenartsassistenten. De AREND-studie
Translated Title
Carriage of antibiotic resistant bacteria in veterinarians and veterinarian assistants. The AREND study
Published in
Abstract
Bepaalde type bacteriën zijn resistent tegen antibiotica, zoals ESBLproducerende bacteriën. ESBL’s komen vaker voor bij dierenartsen en assistenten van dierenartsen dan bij mensen die niet met dieren werken. Het is aannemelijk dat dierenartsen en hun assistenten deze bacteriën bij zich dragen door het contact met dieren tijdens hun werk.
Dit blijkt uit onderzoek van het RIVM. Veel deelnemers uit deze zorgsector hadden contact met verschillende soorten dieren, zowel huisdieren als vee. Van hen had 69 procent alleen contact met huisdieren. Het is daardoor niet mogelijk om aan te wijzen welk specifiek dier de bron van de resistente bacterie was.
Het RIVM heeft onderzocht of drie soorten (antibioticaresistente) bacteriën in de ontlasting van de dierenartsen en dierenartsassistenten zaten. Dat waren ESBL-producerende bacteriën, bacteriën die resistent zijn tegen het ‘laatste redmiddel’ antibioticum colistine, en Clostridioides difficile (C. diff). Voor deze drie bacteriën zijn er namelijk aanwijzingen dat contact met dieren een kans geeft om ermee besmet te raken. Er deden 482 mensen mee aan het onderzoek.
Colistineresistente bacteriën en C. diff kwamen even vaak voor bij dierenartsen en hun assistenten als bij de Nederlandse bevolking. Er zijn daarom geen aanwijzingen dat zij door hun werk een grotere kans hebben om deze twee soort bacteriën bij zich te dragen.
Antibioticaresistente bacteriën kunnen in de darmen zitten van gezonde personen of dieren zonder dat zij daar last van hebben. Maar ze kunnen ook infecties veroorzaken. Infecties door deze bacteriën zijn moeilijker te behandelen met antibiotica. De bacteriën worden onder andere via de ontlasting van dieren verspreid. Een goede hygiëne is dan ook belangrijk om besmetting te voorkomen.
Certain types of bacteria are resistant against antibiotics, such as ESBLproducing bacteria. ESBLs are more common in veterinarians and veterinary assistants than in people who do not work with animals. It is likely that veterinarians and their assistants carry these bacteria through contact with animals during their work. Many participants from this healthcare sector had contact with different types of animals, both pets and livestock. Of them, 69 percent had contact with pets only. It is therefore not possible to identify which specific animal species was the source of the resistant bacteria. This can be concluded from research by RIVM. RIVM has investigated the occurrence of three types of (antibiotic resistant) bacteria in the stool of veterinarians and veterinary assistants. These were ESBL-producing bacteria, bacteria resistant to the ‘last resort’ antibiotic colistin, and Clostridioides difficile (C. diff). For these three bacteria, there are indications that contact with animals increases the risk of exposure. A total of 482 veterinary healthcare workers participated. Colistin resistant bacteria and C. diff were equally common in veterinarians and their assistants on the one hand and the Dutch population on the other. Therefore, no indications were found that their work increases the risk of carrying these bacteria. Antibiotic resistant bacteria can be present in the intestines of healthy persons and animals without any consequences. But they can also cause infections. Infections with these bacteria are more difficult to treat with antibiotics. The bacteria can be spread via the stool of animals, so proper hygiene is therefore important to prevent exposure.
Certain types of bacteria are resistant against antibiotics, such as ESBLproducing bacteria. ESBLs are more common in veterinarians and veterinary assistants than in people who do not work with animals. It is likely that veterinarians and their assistants carry these bacteria through contact with animals during their work. Many participants from this healthcare sector had contact with different types of animals, both pets and livestock. Of them, 69 percent had contact with pets only. It is therefore not possible to identify which specific animal species was the source of the resistant bacteria. This can be concluded from research by RIVM. RIVM has investigated the occurrence of three types of (antibiotic resistant) bacteria in the stool of veterinarians and veterinary assistants. These were ESBL-producing bacteria, bacteria resistant to the ‘last resort’ antibiotic colistin, and Clostridioides difficile (C. diff). For these three bacteria, there are indications that contact with animals increases the risk of exposure. A total of 482 veterinary healthcare workers participated. Colistin resistant bacteria and C. diff were equally common in veterinarians and their assistants on the one hand and the Dutch population on the other. Therefore, no indications were found that their work increases the risk of carrying these bacteria. Antibiotic resistant bacteria can be present in the intestines of healthy persons and animals without any consequences. But they can also cause infections. Infections with these bacteria are more difficult to treat with antibiotics. The bacteria can be spread via the stool of animals, so proper hygiene is therefore important to prevent exposure.
Description
Publisher
Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu RIVM
Sponsors
Ministerie van VWS