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Series / Report no.
Open Access
Type
Report
Language
nl
Date
2025-01-14
Research Projects
Organizational Units
Journal Issue
Title
Staat van infectieziekten in Nederland, 2023
Translated Title
State of Infectious Diseases in the Netherlands, 2023
Published in
Abstract
Elk jaar geeft het RIVM een overzicht van de belangrijkste ontwikkelingen op het gebied van infectieziekten in Nederland, en wanneer nodig, in het buitenland. Met de Staat van Infectieziekten in Nederland informeert het RIVM onder andere beleidsmakers. In februari 2023 bereikte Nederland de fase waarin het coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) rondging zonder dat veel mensen daar ernstig ziek van werden. De laatste coronamaatregelen en de meldingsplicht zijn daarom in maart en juni 2023 stopgezet. Tijdens de coronapandemie kwamen veel infectieziekten minder vaak voor, onder andere door de coronamaatregelen. Inmiddels zijn de patronen waarin ze voorkomen weer grotendeels zoals in de jaren vóór de pandemie. Zo begon het griepseizoen van 2023/2024 weer vroeg in de winter en was er weer een piek van het RS-virus in de winter te zien. In de tweede helft van 2023 waren er veel meldingen dat vooral jonge mensen longontsteking hadden, net als in enkele andere Europese landen. Mycoplasma pneumoniae is het vaakst gevonden als verwekker bij de groep van jongvolwassenen. Een mogelijke verklaring is dat mensen tijdens de coronapandemie minder aan deze ziekteverwekker zijn blootgesteld. Een aantal andere infectieziekten kwamen ook opvallend vaak voor. Dit waren vooral ziekten die mensen oplopen via besmette bronnen in het milieu, zoals door in oppervlaktewater te zwemmen. Zo waren er veel meldingen van legionellapneumonie, cryptosporidiose, en leptospirose. De mate waarin deze ziekten voorkomen heeft mogelijk te maken met meer regen en hogere temperaturen. Verder waren er meer meldingen van bof, mazelen, en kinkhoest dan voor de coronapandemie. Dit zijn ziekten waartegen via het Rijksvaccinatieprogramma (RVP) wordt gevaccineerd. Het aantal kinkhoestmeldingen was zelfs het hoogste aantal ooit. Dat laatste komt waarschijnlijk vooral doordat mensen tijdens de coronajaren minder met de kinkhoestbacterie in contact zijn gekomen en er minder afweer tegen hebben opgebouwd. De ziektelast van COVID-19 was in 2023 de helft kleiner dan in 2022, toen hij de helft was van in 2021. Toch was COVID-19 de ziekte met de hoogste ziektelast in Nederland. De ziektelast geeft het aantal jaren aan dat mensen niet in goede gezondheid kunnen leven. Er is nog geen betrouwbare schatting van de ziektelast door post-covid mogelijk. Na COVID-19 volgden legionellapneumonie en de griep.
Every year, the RIVM publishes an overview of the most important developments in infectious disease in the Netherlands and, when considered relevant, from abroad. With the State of Infectious Diseases in the Netherlands, 2023, the RIVM informs policymakers from the Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport, and the Municipal Public Health Services, amongst others. In February 2023, the Netherlands reached a phase in which the coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) was circulating without many people falling ill from COVID-19. The last corona measures were therefore abandoned in March and July 2023. During the pandemic and the application of corona measures,a lot of infectious diseases occurred less frequently. Disease-occurrence patterns did however largely move back to the way they were before the COVID-19 pandemic: The 2023-2024 flu season started early in winter, and the number of RS-virus infections reached their peak in winter as well. Similar to the situation in some other European countries, the Netherlands saw many pneumonia-notifications, especially for young people. For young adults, Mycoplasma pneumoniae was most often mentioned as the culpritpathogen. People's lower exposure to M. pneumoniae during the corona pandemic is considered a possible explanation. A couple of other infectious diseases were occurring remarkably often. They were typically diseases that people acquire via contaminated sources in the environment, for example through swimming in open water. There were, for example, many notifications of pneumonia caused by Legionella, and of cryptosporidiosis and leptospirosis. The level to which these diseases occurred may have been influenced by heavy rainfall, and higher-than-usual temperatures. There were also more mumps-, measles-, and pertussis notifications than before the COVID-19 pandemic. All three are vaccine-preventable diseases in the Dutch National Immunisation Programme. The number of pertussis notifications even reached the highest number ever. The latter phenomenon probably resulted from people's lower immunity against pertussis, after having been less exposed to pertussis during the pandemic years. The 2023 burden of disease of (acute) COVID-19 was half the size of the one in 2022, when it already was half the size of the one in 2021. The burden of disease indicates the years of living-in-good-health lost to a disease. There is currently no reliable estimate of the burden of disease of post-covid. After COVID-19, pneumonia caused by Legionella and the flu had the second- and third-highest burden of disease, respectively.
Every year, the RIVM publishes an overview of the most important developments in infectious disease in the Netherlands and, when considered relevant, from abroad. With the State of Infectious Diseases in the Netherlands, 2023, the RIVM informs policymakers from the Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport, and the Municipal Public Health Services, amongst others. In February 2023, the Netherlands reached a phase in which the coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) was circulating without many people falling ill from COVID-19. The last corona measures were therefore abandoned in March and July 2023. During the pandemic and the application of corona measures,a lot of infectious diseases occurred less frequently. Disease-occurrence patterns did however largely move back to the way they were before the COVID-19 pandemic: The 2023-2024 flu season started early in winter, and the number of RS-virus infections reached their peak in winter as well. Similar to the situation in some other European countries, the Netherlands saw many pneumonia-notifications, especially for young people. For young adults, Mycoplasma pneumoniae was most often mentioned as the culpritpathogen. People's lower exposure to M. pneumoniae during the corona pandemic is considered a possible explanation. A couple of other infectious diseases were occurring remarkably often. They were typically diseases that people acquire via contaminated sources in the environment, for example through swimming in open water. There were, for example, many notifications of pneumonia caused by Legionella, and of cryptosporidiosis and leptospirosis. The level to which these diseases occurred may have been influenced by heavy rainfall, and higher-than-usual temperatures. There were also more mumps-, measles-, and pertussis notifications than before the COVID-19 pandemic. All three are vaccine-preventable diseases in the Dutch National Immunisation Programme. The number of pertussis notifications even reached the highest number ever. The latter phenomenon probably resulted from people's lower immunity against pertussis, after having been less exposed to pertussis during the pandemic years. The 2023 burden of disease of (acute) COVID-19 was half the size of the one in 2022, when it already was half the size of the one in 2021. The burden of disease indicates the years of living-in-good-health lost to a disease. There is currently no reliable estimate of the burden of disease of post-covid. After COVID-19, pneumonia caused by Legionella and the flu had the second- and third-highest burden of disease, respectively.
Description
Publisher
Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu RIVM